ارزيابي ناهنجاريهاي اسكلتي- عضلاني اندام فوقاني در كارمندان زن بانك توسعه صادرات ايران

The Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Disorders of Upper Limbs in Female Bank Employees

هدف از اجراي اين تحقيق، ارزيابي ناهنجاري‌هاي اسكلتي- عضلاني كارمندان زن بانك توسعه صادرات ايران بود. به اين منظور 50 كارمند شاغل در ادارات و شعب بانك(ميانگين سني 68/30 سال، انحراف معيار91/5، سابقه كار 59/5 سال و ساعات كار هفتگي 12/46 ) انتخاب شدند و به‌عنوان آزمودني در اين تحقيق شركت كردند. ابزار اندازه‌گيري تحقيق چك ليست رولا، پرسشنامه ان.ام.كيو و پرسشنامه استرس شغلي بود. ميانگين امتياز نهايي آزمون رولا براي كل كارمندان 76/5 بود كه رسيدگي و تغيير فوري را توصيه كرد. ميانگين امتيازات گروه A(گردن، شانه و آرنج) 4 و گروه B (كمر، پشت، ران و زانو) 80/7 شد. نتايج بررسي آزمون رولا در دو نوبت صبح (بدون خستگي) و بعدازظهر(با خستگي) نشان داد كه خستگي با بروز ناهنجاري‌ها رابطه دارد (05/0 > ?). بين نتايج پرسشنامه استرس شغلي و نمره رولا رابطه معناداري مشاهده نشد(05/0 < ?) از طرف ديگر در خصوص ساعات كار هفتگي با نمره رولا رابطه معناداري مشاهده شد(01/0=?). عامل ساعات كار هفتگي و خستگي با پتانسيل ابتلا به اين ناهنجاري‌ها ارتباط معناداري نشان داد. با توجه به نتايج تحقيق مي‌توان گفت كارمندان بانك در زمينه ابتلا به ناهنجاري‌هاي اسكلتي عضلاني با مخاطرات زيادي مواجهند و اقدامات اصلاحي فوري ضروري است.

The aim of this research was to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders of upper limbs in Export Development Bank of Iran (EDBI) female employees. For this purpose, 50 working employees in EDBI offices and branches (mean age 30.68, SD 5.91, work record 5.59 years, and weekly work hours 46.12) were selected as the subjects. At first, 15 employees performed a pilot test and the reliability and validity of the test was evaluated. RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) to evaluate the employees’ upper limb posture during working, NMQ (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) to gather personal information of employees such as age, work record, height, weight, weekly working hour, doctor examination, and pain record) and HSE (Health and Safety Executives Management Standards for Work-Related Stress) to investigate psycho-social factors were used to collect data. Mean, standard deviation and correlation test (significance of 0.05) were used for data analysis. It has been inferred that incorrect posture of group B limbs resulted in the high risk of such disorders. RULA test results in the morning (without exhaustion) and afternoon (with exhaustion) demonstrated that exhaustion had a relationship with the disorders (? < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between HSE and RULA results (? > 0.05). There was a significant relationship between weekly working hours and RULA scores (?=0.01). When investigating the relationship between RULA scores and pain records in different body parts, there was only a significant relationship between RULA score and pain records in waist (?=0.02). There was a significant relationship between weekly working hours and exhaustion with the potential for such disorders while there was no significant relationship between work-related stress and the potential for these disorders. It can be concluded that these employees are highly prone to musculoskeletal