بررسي واژه شناختي و معنا شناختي روستا و رستاق در دوره اسلامي تا سده هفتم هجري

Ph.D student, Department of History & Civilization of Islamic Nations, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

از جمله اصطلاحاتي كه جغرافيدانان دوره اسلامي از تقسيمات ايرانيان وام گرفتند، «روستاك» است كه آن را به صورت‌هاي رُستاق و روستا به كاربرده اند. به سبب شباهت‌هاي ظاهري و ريشه لغوي مشترك اين دو تصور شده كه روستا و رستاق در متون دوره اسلامي معنايي يكسان داشته‌اند. گرچه به ندرت اين دو واژه معنا و دلالتي يكسان داشته؛ اما عموما، روستا و رستاق دو واحد جغرافيايي مستقل از يكديگر بوده‌اند؛ روستا مترادف ده و قريه و رستاق واحدي بزرگ‌تر از شهر و در حكم بخش يا دهستان امروزي بوده است.

Elham Amini Kashani Ph.D student, Department of History & Civilization of Islamic Nations, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Qanbarali Roudgar Assistant Professor, Department of History & Civilization of Islamic Nations, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Amongst the terms which Muslim geographers have borrowed from Persian, is "Rustaq " that has used in two forms; Rustaq and Rusta. Although in order to the same etymological roots and apparent resemblance, it was supposed that Rustaq and Rusta had the same meaning in the texts , these two words rarely have the same meanings and implications. Generally, Rustaq and Rusta are two geographical independent units. Rusta was supposed to be used as Dih or Qerya(village) whereas, Rustaq referred to a unit larger than a city, and it was mostly like modern town Dihestan. Keywords: R?sta, RustaI, Dih, Administrative divisions.