مدل مكان يابي پاركهاي لجستيكي جهت ارايه خدمات به ترانزيت بار در منطقه اكو

An Optimum Location-Allocation Model of Logistics Parks for Freight Transit in the ECO Region

ترانزيت در منطقه اكو 1 ، به دليل عدم دسترسي به آبهاي آزاد، نقش حياتي براي توسعه اقتصادي كشورهاي آسياي ميانه ايفا مي كند. لازمه بهبود ترانزيت نيز، وجود زيربناها و ارايه خدمات مناسب در طول مسير ترانزيت ميباشد. زيربناهاي ضعيف و خدمات نامناسب، باعث استفاده از مسيرهاي جايگزين مي شود. توسعه پارك هاي لجستيكي، نقش موثري را در ارايه خدمات مناسب به كالاهاي ترانزيتي ايفا مي نمايد. در اين تحقيق، با بررسي تقاضا و عرضه موجود در منطقه اكو، مناطق قطب هاي ترانزيتي به عنوان مكان مناسب جهت احداث پارك هاي لجستيكي انتخاب شده است. در ادامه مدلي به صورت مدل برنامه ريزي خطي عدد صحيح صفر و يك براي مكان يابي بهينه قطب هاي ترانزيتي ارايه گرديده است. حل مدل به روش انشعاب و تحديد و با استفاده از نرم افزار 8 Lingo انجام شده است. مدل مربوطه براي شرايط ايران اجرا شده و به صورت يك شبكه 4 قطبي ارايه شده است كه حايز شرايط بهينه اقتصادي مي باشد.

The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) region has a good potential for freight transit due to its geographical location. The region can act as a land bridge between Asia and Europe as well as having a vital role for the development of Central Asia land-locked countries. To promote the trade and transit among these countries, appropriate transportation infrastructure and services are required. Logistics is the management of the flow of goods, information and other resources, including energy and people, between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet the requirements of consumers. Logistics involves the integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material-handling, and packaging, and occasionally security. Logistics is a channel of the supply chain which adds the value of time and place utility. Logistics parks are the key element of good intermodal transit transportation. The core of the strategy to develop logistics parks is industry capacity development with a focus on assisting logistics service providers to build their own enterprise capacity. Logistics parks help governments to promote the development of modern facilities in a new industrial cluster – including a major truck-park, transportation terminals, distribution centers, processing facilities, a logistics incubator, and a technology center. In this research, an optimum location-allocation model for development of logistics parks in the ECO region to provide services for transit freight is presented. Transport and logistics requirements are determined based on an assessment of the agricultural and resource sectors, and the light and heavy industries associated with those sectors. Special attention should be given to the role as a “transit-hub”. Based on our scope to provide services just for transit freight, the role as a transit hub is considered as the demand of logistics parks. There are no logistics parks in the ECO region. Also service providers as well as local transport operators, terminal facilities and distribution centers that all play roles in the logistics industry are in poor condition. In fact logistics industry (supply) in the ECO region is weak. Freight demand and supply are taken into consideration to determine the location of logistics parks. Based on demand role as transit hub and weakness in the supply sector, transit hubs are considered as the best location of logistics parks. Integer linear programming has been used for modeling. Model’s objective is to minimize total transportation cost in the network. Model is solved via branch and bound method by using Lingo 8 software. Iran’s transit highway network is selected as case study and an optimum network with the four hubs including Hamedan, Sirjan, Marand, and Mashhad was suggested. Sensitivity analysis is performed on the results.