بررسي اقتضاي مباني نظريه ولايت فقيه در باب اختيارات وليّ‏فقيه

An Inquiry into the Need for the Foundations of Theory of Guardianship of Religious Jurist in Terms of Authorities (Powers)

در طول تاريخ، ايده‏هاي مختلفي براي اداره جوامع انساني مطرح شده است. يكي از اين ايده‏ها، نظريه ولايت فقيه مي‏باشد كه به دلايلي، شبهاتي درباره آن مطرح گرديده است. يكي از مهم‏ترين اين شبهات، مسيله «اختيارات وليّ‏فقيه و فقدان محدوده مشخص براي آن» مي‏باشد. به دليل جايگاه ممتاز مباني هر نظريه در تحليل پيامدهاي آن، اين نوشتار با استفاده از روش توصيفي ـ تحليلي به بررسي اقتضاي مباني نظريه ولايت فقيه در باب اختيارات وليّ‏فقيه پرداخته است. بدين‏منظور، اقتضايي كه مباني هستي‏شناختي، انسان‏شناختي، معرفت‏شاختي و غايت‏شناختي نظريه ولايت فقيه درباره اختيارات وليّ‏فقيه دارد، مورد كنكاش قرار گرفته و محدوديت‏ها و چارچوب‏هاي حاصل از اين ناحيه ارايه گرديده است. قوانين الهي، مصلحت جامعه اسلامي، عدالت و نظارت مردمي از جمله اين محدوديت‏ها و چارچوب‏ها مي‏باشد.

Different theories about the management of human societies have been proposed over the history such as the theory of guardianship of religious jurist. Some doubts have, for some reasons, been cast on this theory. One the main doubts is the issue of "jurisdiction of religious jurist and lack of particular scope of it". Using a descriptive-analytical method, the present paper elaborates on the question of the need for the foundations of theory of guardianship of religious jurist in terms of the jurisdiction of religious jurist due to the significant status of the foundations of a theory in analyzing its outcomes. To this end, the need which the ontological, anthropological epistemological, and teleological foundations of the theory of guardianship of religious jurist has in terms of the jurisdiction of religious jurist has been examined and its limitations and frameworks are explained. From among these limitations and frameworks are divine rules, expediency of Islamic society, justice and peopleʹs supervision.