نقش مبارزاتي سادات حسيني از آغازخلافت عباسيان تا شهادت امام رضا"u"

The Combative Role of the Descendants of Imam al-Ḥusayn (A.S.) from the beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate until the Martyrdom of Imam al-Riḍā (A.S.)

سادات در مخالفت با بني‌اميه در كنار بني‌عباس بودند، تا اينكه عباسيان به سال 132ق با بهره گيري از شعار «الرضا من آل محمد» باعث فروپاشي دولت امويان گرديدند. با روي كار آمدن عباسيان، علويان كنار زده شدند. سادات كه خود را در زوال بني‌اميه سهيم مي‌ديدند، جنبش‌هايي را عليه خلافت عباسيان به‌وجود آوردند. با آغاز به خلافت رسيدن عباسيان، شاخه حسني نقش فعال‌تر و دامنه‌دارتري را عليه عباسيان ايفا نمودند. هر چه از آغاز خلافت عباسيان مي‌گذرد حضور سادات حسيني در صف مخالفان حكومت بيشتر و پررنگ‌تر مي‌شود تا جايي كه در دوره مامون تقريباً هر دو شاخه از سادات (حسني و حسيني) در كنار همديگر نقش فعالي در برخورد با حكومت داشتند.

Descendants of the Imams (s?d?t) in the Umayyad period were in coordination with the Abbasids in opposition to the ruling system, until in 132/749 the Abbasids caused the collapse of the Umayyad rule with the slogan “Al-Ri?? min ?l-i Mu?ammad” (Al-Ri?? [A.S.] is from the household of Mu?amm{S.A.w.}Once the Abbasids took office, the Alavids were suppressed. Considering themselves as involved in toppling the Umayyads, the s?d?t launched movements against the Abbasid’s caliphate. When the Abbasids took over the caliphate, the ?asan? branch of the movement played a more active and extensive role against the Abbasids. The further the Abbasid caliphate went on, the more considerable and outstanding the ?usayn? s?d?t participated in the opposition against the ruling system, to the extent that, in Ma’m?n’s period, both branches of the ?asan? and ?usay? s?d?t took up a more active role together in confronting the government (?uk?ma). Keywords: the Imams of the Sh?‘a, Imam al-Ri?? (A.S.), ?usayn? s?d?t (descendants of Imam ?usayn – A.S.), ?asan? s?d?t (descendants of Imam ?asan – A.S.), combative role of s?d?t, Abbasid caliphate.ad [S.A.W.]).