ارزيابي برخي باكتري هاي بومي جداسازي شده در فرآيند توليد كمپوست

Evaluation of Some Native Bacteria Isolated From Composting Process

با توجه به نقش بسيار موثر ريزسازواره ها در فرايند توليد كمپوست از ضايعات شهري، شناسايي آنها و كاربرد آنها در فرايند مي ‎تواند نقش قابل توجهي در بهبود و غني سازي كمپوست حاصل ايفا نمايد. در تحقيق حاضر عوامل باكتريايي بومي موثر در فرايند توليد كمپوست از پسماندهاي جامد شهري جداسازي و با استفاده از روش ژنوميكس مبتني بر توالي هاي ريبوزومي شناسايي شدند. بدين منظور? نمونه برداري در طي فرايند توليد كمپوست در كارخانه كمپوست اصفهان صورت گرفته و عوامل باكتريايي به روش تهيه سري رقت جداسازي و خالص سازي شدند. جدايه هاي بدست آمده از نظر فعاليت آنزيمي سلولاز، زايلاناز، آميلاز و پروتياز به صورت كمي بررسي شدند. نتايج نشان داد كه يازده جدايه داراي فعاليت آنزيمي متفاوت و متنوع بودند. جهت شناسايي جدايه‎ها، از تكثير و توالي يابي قطعه bp1500 ژن 16SrDNA استفاده شد. نتايج توالي يابي نشان داد كه 8 سويه باكتريايي مزوفيل Aneurinibacillus migulanus، Brevibacillus parabrevis، Brevibacillus agri، Pseudoxanthomonas suwonensis، Brevibacillus formosus، Bordetella petrii، Bacillus licheniformis و سه سويه باكتريايي ترموفيل Geobacillus thermodenitrificans، Geobacillus sp.، Thermoactinomyces intermedius بودند. لذا با توجه به تنوع فعاليت آنزيمي سويه هاي جداسازي شده? امكان توليد و استفاده از اين سويه ها به عنوان عامل تسريع كننده فرايند توليد كمپوست وجود دارد.

During the composing process, microorganisms involved in degradation of agricultural and municipal waste are of great importance. Therefore, identification of beneficial microorganisms could play an important role in improving the quality of the produced compost. Bacteria play an effective role in degradation of organic matter, So the objective of the present study was isolation and characterization of important bacterial strains during composting process. The bacteria were isolated from mature compost in Isfahan Compost manufacture using serial dilution method. The enzymatic activities (amylase, cellulose, xylanase and protease) of the isolates were measured by quantitative methods. Eleven isolates with enzyme activity were isolated and used for more detailed studies. The isolated bacterial strains showed a wide range of different enzymatic activities. Molecular identification of the selected strains was performed based on PCR amplification and sequencing of a 1500 bp fragment of bacterial 16SrDNA using PAF and PAR primers. Molecular studies revealed that 8 isolated bacterial strains were classified in the class of mesophilic bacteria, including Aneurinibacillus migulanus, Brevibacillus parabrevis, Brevibacillus agri, Pseudoxanthomonas suwonensis, Brevibacillus formosus, Bordetella petrii and Bacillus licheniformis ,and 3 isolates were placed in the class of thermophilic bacteria including Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, Geobacillus sp., and Thermoactinomyces intermedius which are commonly exist in the composting process. Because of the municipal solid wastes are enriched cellulosic, starchy and protein compounds, these strains have high potential to degrade these wastes and accelerate the composting process.