تحليل امنيت در سكونتگاه هاي غيررسمي با تاكيد بر آسيب هاي اجتماعي (مطالعه موردي : محله خا ك سفيد تهران)

The Analysis of Security in Informal Areas with Special Reference to Social Pathologies (Case study: Khaksefid- Tehran)

هدف از اين بحث تعيين چگونگي پراكنش آسيب هاي اجتماعي، به عنوان يكي از تعريف كننده هاي ميزان احساس امنيت و در نتيجه موثر بر ميزان مشاركت مردم و تحقق برنامه هاي توانمندسازي، در محله ي خاك سفيد تهران است كه از محله هاي با سابقه اسكان غيررسمي محسوب مي گردد. روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي از نوع موردي (محله خاك سفيد) است و جمع آوري داده ها، به روش كتابخانه اي و ميداني با استفاده از پرسش نامه بوده است. تحليل ها با استفاده از سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي 1 انجام شده است. نتايج نشان مي دهد كمترين ميزان امنيت به دليل تعدد آسيب هاي اجتماعي در expert choice و نرم افزار محله خاك سفيد، در قسمت ميدان نواب صفوي قابل مشاهده است و وجود چنين آسيب هايي در اين ميدان، بر روي محدوده هاي اطراف آن نيز تاثير بسيار منفي گذارده است، به طوري كه اين مناطق نيز به نواحي نا امني از منظر آسيب هاي اجتماعي تبديل گرديده اند و به كارگيري برنامه اي جهت بهبود بخشي وضعيت امنيت در اين نقاط را ضروري نموده است.

Sense of security has a particular position among different issues which have affected on calmness and the quality of life. In fact, sense of security is one of the most important human needs which can affect the provision of other needs and has significant association with them. On the other hand, Sense of security has significant association with the level of development, and the measurement and analysis of that can provide a theoretical and practical framework for control of high risk behaviors. All these statements show the needs of having more attention to provide a comprehensive and accurate look to the sense of security in different areas especially in the local scale for identifying and controlling the security in cities which nowadays and with more complex societies continuously has been threatened. One of the most important set of indexes which has significant association with sense of security is social pathologies including addiction, sexual corruption, thievery, unemployment, poverty and so on. In the other words, the existence of these social pathologies in each place can decrease security through providing risky condition. Attention to these factors can be more essential, if the analysis of security is related to the informal areas which have unsuitable condition from environmental (physical), economical and social aspect to control of social pathologies. In addition, the analysis of security in informal areas because of their culture and diversity customs of immigrants has great importance and its ignorance can cause induced participation and failure of urban plans such as empowerment plans. Khaksefid is one of the informal areas discussed. Although this area formed almost 50 years ago and now it joins to the Tehran through the sprawl growth of the city, it is similar to informal and spontaneous areas from many aspects and has a lot of problems especially from security point of view. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is surveying the social pathologies as one of the most effective indicators of security in the Khaksefid neighborhood and determining the scatter of social pathologies as one of the most effective indicators of security in the neighborhood and finding the level of security. For achieving the above aim, descriptive-analytical research with case study (Khaksefid neighborhood) was done through using means of attributive study. According to our study the most important social pathologies with regard to the condition of the case study (informal areas) are 6 social pathologies including addiction, sexual corruption, thievery, migration, poverty and unemployment. So, these indicators as the theoretical framework of this study were used for surveying by filling questionnaire in order to measurement of these social pathologies and finding the places which have most of them. After that, we used geographic information system (GIS) and expert choice software for overlaying the layers with different values. Results of this research indicate that Navab Safavy square has minimum security and that square has been provided a severe negative impact on the surrounding areas. So, these areas also have become unsafe areas and need to improve security.Fortification, role and duties of local management institutes in the process of empowerment and organization of non-official settlement: organization and proportional management institutionalization to guide and support organization and planned settlement by mutual participation of these societies and local institutions (especially Municipality and Islamic City Halls) are necessary for sustainability of executive actions and plans and guaranty of their success.