بررسي و مقايسه صورخيال در شعر حسين منزوي و قيصر امين‌پور

A Comparative Study of Figures of Speech in Poems by Hossein Monzavi and Gheisar Aminpour

تصرف ذهن شاعر در مفاهيم و امور عادي زندگي و ارتباط آن با طبيعت حاصل بينش و آگاهي او از پديده هاي طبيعي و جهان بيرون است. مجموعه تصاوير حاصل از انواع صورخيال (استعاره، تشبيه، مجاز، كنايه) در ديوان هر شاعري بيانگر لحظه هايي است كه با درون و جهان دروني او سروكار دارد؛ در واقع، انعكاس روح، شخصيت و ويژگي هاي دروني اوست. هدف اين پژوهش بررسي عناصر خيال (استعاره، تشبيه، مجاز، كنايه) و بسامد هركدام در شعر امين‌پور و منزوي و دست‌يافتن به نتايجي حاصل از انديشه، عواطف، احساسات و نگرش آن‌ها به جهان و زندگي است. تصاوير مشترك اين دو شاعر يا تصوير مركزي اشعار آن‌ها مربوط به عشق و مسايل پيرامون آن است، هرچند بازتاب اجتماع و مسايل اجتماعي نيز كم‌وبيش در اشعارشان به چشم مي خورد. تصاوير شعري دو شاعر، زنده، پويا و ديداري است. در شعر هركدام از آن‌ها تقليدي اندك و ناچيز مشاهده مي شود، ولي حوزه تصاوير و صورخيال خويش را به تصاوير شعر سنتي منحصر نكرده اند، بلكه نوآوري هايي در شعر هر كدام مشاهده مي شود. تشبيهات، بيشتر فشرده و حاصل امور حسي ـ انتزاعي است.

The pertinence of a poet’s imagination in ordinary concepts of life and their relationship with nature is due to his or her insights and knowledge of natural phenomena as well as the outside world. In the collection of works of every poet, all various types of imagery being attributable to figures of speech (i.e., metaphor, simile, synecdoche, and irony) represent moments that deal with the poet’s inner world; in fact, they are the reflections of the poet’s soul, personality, and inner characteristics. The current study was an attempt to scrutinize figures of speech and their frequency of use in Aminpour’s and Monzavi’s poems to find out the poets’ thoughts, emotions, and ideology towards the world and life. The common shared imageries or the central poetical imageries of these two poets were around love and the issues surrounding it. Although, more or less, a reflection of the society and the social issues could be seen in their writings, their subject was mostly about love. Their poetical imageries were vivid, dynamic, and visual. Although even little imitations could be discernible in their poems, their imageries and figures of speech domains were not just limited to the imageries of traditional poetry, but innovations could be observed in their poems. Similes were mostly intense and intuitive-intangible, and metaphor and simile were used more frequently than the other figures of speech.