بررسي تاثيرات اقتصادي قاچاق كالا بر شهرهاي مرزي مطالعه موردي؛ شهر مريوان

Study on the economic impacts of smuggling on the border towns

اين تحقيق به بررسي اثرات قاچاق كالا بر شهر مرزي مريوان، كه در مرز غربي استان كردستان و هم مرز با كشور عراق است، مي پردازد. قاچاق تخلف گمركي است شامل جابه جايي كالا در طول مرز گمركي به روش مخفيانه و به منظور فرار از نظارت گمركي. مساله قاچاق در كشور ما به دليل شرايط خاص جغرافيايي براي ورود و خروج كالا و نيز نبود شرايط با ثبات در كشورهاي همسايه، بسيار قابل توجه است. هدف از اين تحقيق، بررسي تاثيرات اقتصادي قاچاق كالا بر شهر مريوان از لحاظ درآمد و اشتغال مي باشد. روش پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف كاربردي و بنابر روش توصيفي- تحليلي است. ساكنين شهر مرزي "مريوان"، جامعه آماري اين تحقيق است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول كوكران، 315 بدست آمد. اين تحقيق ابتدا به جمع آوري اطلاعات كتابخانه اي از منابع مي پردازد. پس از آن داده ها و اطلاعات مربوط به منطقه گردآوري و سپس به تهيه پرسشنامه و تكميل آن در بين ساكنين شهر مريوان همراه با مشاهده پرداخته است. براي رسم نقشه ها نيز از نرم افزار ARC GIS استفاده شد. در نهايت اطلاعات بدست آمده با استفاده از نرم افزار Excel و SPSS تحليل شده و به ارايه نتيجه گيري پرداخته است. نتايج تحقيق حاكي از تاثيرات مثبت و زياد قاچاق كالا بر ميزان اشتغال و درآمد ساكنين شهر "مريوان" و نيز تاثير قاچاق كالا بر ساير بخش هاي اقتصادي منطقه مي باشد.

Study on the economic impacts of smuggling on the border towns Case Study; Marivan, Kurdistan Seyed Hadi shabby: PhD student in Geography and Rural Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad and Plan lecturer Hamid Shayan: Associate of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, University of Mashhad Abstract This study examines the effects of smuggling on the economics of Marivan,a border town , that is placed in the western frontier of Kurdistan province in Iran and is bordering the Iraq country. The Smuggling is a kind of customs frauds that includes the illegal transportation of goods across the customs border through the secret ways and to evade customs controls. Nowadays, the issue of free trade and attention to marketing and customer’s attraction is considered as one of the most influencing factors in the economic growth and development. However, this global activity is always at risk and exposing with serious damages. Because of geographical conditions for goods import and export, and lack of stability in the neighboring countries, the smuggling issue is so noteworthy in Iran. The purpose of this research is surveying the economic impacts of smuggling on the city of Marivan, In terms of income and employment. The methodology of this study is functional in purpose aspect and including descriptive – analytical method. The residents of Marivan city are the statistical population of this research and the number of samples was calculated by using 315 Cochran formulas. In this study, as the first step we collected library information of resources; then, data and information about the area of study were gathered. After that, preparing and completing of the questionnaire along with observation was accomplished among the residents of Marivan city. For drawing the maps, Arc GIS software was used. Finally the collected data were analyzed by using SPSS and Excel software and conclusions are presented. The results of this study indicate positive and high effects of smuggling on the employment and income of residents of Marivan and also on the other sectors of this area economy. Keywords: border cities, smuggling, Marivan, the urban economy, Kurdistan.