پديد آورندگان :
نظري، ولي الله نويسنده , , غلامي، محمد نويسنده دانشگاه پيام نور ,
كليدواژه :
خلق فرصت هاي جديد روستايي , سياست هاي تمركززدايي , استان قزوين , سكونتگاه هاي روستايي
چكيده فارسي :
استان هاي جديد در كشور از يك سو به دليل افزايش جمعيت و تمركز آن در نقاط مختلف استان هاي بزرگ و از
سوي ديگر به سبب نارضايتي مردم يك شهرستان و محروميت آن ها از خدمات لازم ايجاد م يشوند. بر اين اساس،
استان قزوين در سال 1376 در نقشه سياسي ايران متولد گرديد. اعمال سياس تهاي تمركززدايي از يك طرف
حاكي از واگذاري اختيارات به حكومت هاي محلي است و از طرف ديگر تداعي كننده خل ق فرصت ها براي
زيربخش هاي تقسيمات كشوري تا بتوانند از فرصت هاي به دست آمده در جهت رشد كم?ي و كيفي سكونتگا ههاي
روستايي بهره ببرند. مقاله حاضر به تبيين سياست هاي تمركززدايي در سكونتگاه هاي روستايي استان قزوين
مي پردازد و تلاش م يكند به اين سوال پاسخ دهد كه سياست هاي تمركززدايي در ايران چه آثاري بر ساختار كلي
روستاهاي استان قزوين ايجاد كرده است. بدين جهت، در پژوهش حاضر، با بهره گيري از گويه هاي تبيين كننده
اداري و مالي و سياسي، در قالب طيف ليكرت، و با بهره گيري از روش پانل گذشته نگر، مبتني بر سنجش نگرش در
دو دوره قبل و بعد از استان شدن، با استفاده از فرمول كوكران و به روش تصادفي طبقه اي اطلاعات جم عآوري شد.
چهل و پنج مدير اجرايي، شامل دهياران و شوراهاي اسلامي، از چهل و پنج روستا، در سطح پنج شهرستان استان
قزوين براي اين كار انتخاب شدند كه نشان دهنده جامعه نمونه تحقيق هستند . البته بايد اشاره كرد، بعد از
استان شدن قزوين، در سكونتگاه هاي روستايي توانمندي هايي به وجود آمد كه نشان م يدهد اگرچه سياست هاي
تمركززدايي توانسته زمينه رشد و ترقي روستاها را پديد آورد، اين سياست ها، از منظر كارشناسان و مسيولان
محلي، آثار متفاوت داشته است. با وجود اين، سياس تهاي تمركززدايي در استان قزوين شتا ب دهنده توسعه
روستايي قلمداد شد و زمينه را براي افزايش مشاركت مسيولان محلي و مردم فراهم آورد
چكيده لاتين :
Population growth and immigration are major causes of the most social changes in rural
areas. Accordingly, political change in a country is inevitable. So, this issue of Iran’s rural
settlements adopted and evolves. The rural habitations with population changes, the
intensity of the positive effects of decentralization are receiving. Your changes have been
noted as being the basis for the development of rural settlements. The villages and rural
settlements are always in transition. Rural settlements have always been the mainstream of
economic and social developments and during historical areas have experienced different
geographical ups and downs in the country which is a result of local and metropolitan
planning. The discussion on the development of rural settlements is directly dependant to
severability of programs and strategies, hence we should specify which one of the possible
consequences of the development policies are positive; And because the of rural planning
pattern is based on national and macro policies, therefore it should be pointed out that the
patterns of service delivery as well as the strategies of the countries planning are divided
into two categories of centralized and decentralized. Centralized category is focused on topdown
policies and policies in a diverse decentralized fashion of the patterns.
Methodology
On the basis of this strategic, planning model is more operational and applicable in Iran that
their position in checking a program includes countless flaws. Such flaws, are more
obvious in the system of service to the villages. Flaws of type in planning cause damages to
social and economical fields of countryside. As well as genesis and formation of new
provinces in Iran, due to population growth and its concentration in specific cities, also due
to lack of services, there will be deprivation. Discussed long-term deprivation provides, the
most severe negative consequences on the body of society and causes deterioration of the
1 Responsible Author: nazari1392@iran.ir
Rural Research, Vol.4, No.2, Summer 2013
31
rural settlement. Their national and regional imbalances and the lack of justice in the
provinces lead to physical and service damages.
Results
On this basis, Qazvin province, in 1997, was born in Iranʹs political map with focus policies
applied in the form of tools to formation of the new province. On one hand, it shows
assignment of authorities of local powers, and on the other hand provides the creation of
opportunities and also evokes the openings of small parts for the following new provincial
divisions to be able to use these opportunities in order to strengthen the foundations of rural
productivity increase. With these premises and the theory, library also field studies, this
article is willing to focus on explaining the policies of rural settlements aids Qazvin
province and has tried to answer this fundamental question that the basic policies of the
decentralization of countryʹs center in the form of a new province (Qazvin) provides what
positive effects in the rural settlements in a way that the positive consequences of raising
the quality of rural people’s life in the province have been positive effects and lead to a
major qualitative and quantitative changes. Therefore, the order of present study utilizes a
triple conversation (political, administrative and financial) in the form of a variety of Likert
scope and utilizes a retrospective panel-based measurement method for two periods before
and after becoming a province and with the use of random sampling with Cochran formula
class. Desired information has been collected and been analyzed. The information obtained
from three levels of administrators, and village councils and Islamic communities of 45
village is done by questionnaire techniques in Qazvin province and has been reviewed by
with T-tests and time series. It has been expressing various aspects of major developments
in the trilogy after the province creation so raised positive effects and progress to villages
and people to the extent of the benefit of services provided. It is worth noting that the
political focus promotion is not fully executable but has been able to provide groundwork
to increased development.
Conclusion
While trying to protect and sustain this kind of political changes in the province
atmosphere, the main obstacles of social and political phenomenon is studied. In the future,
efficiency and equity objectives may spread in all geographical areas. Such programs are an
approach to develop villages and increase people satisfaction in out of reach areas
