بررسي مناسبات بين سلاطين دهلي و خلفاي عباسي

Relations between Delhi Sultans and Abbasid Caliphs

چكيده سلاطين دهلي مانند اكثر سلاطين مسلمان، براي كسب مشروعيت، خود را وفادار به خلافت عباسي نشان مي دادند. انجام اعمال نمادين چون ضرب نام خليفه بر سكه و آوردن نام خليفه در خطبه، به توسط اكثر سلاطين دهلي، كه مذهب رسمي حكومتشان حنفي بود، اين واقعيت را آشكار م يسازد كه اين سلاطين از لحاظ نظري، خود را وفادار به دستگاه خلافت مي دانسته اند و برخي از ايشان با توجه به شرايط سياسي روزگار خود، براي برتري بر رقيبان و جلب حمايت مسلمانان شبه قاره هند كه غالبا حنفي مذهب بودند، با خلفاي عباسي در بغداد و قاهره رابطه برقرار كردند و از آنان منشور و اجازه سلطنت گرفتند. در اين نوشتار به بررسي روابط بين سلاطين فوق با خلفاي عباسي بغداد و قاهره و فراز و فرودهاي اين روابط و انگيزهها و دلايل دوسويه سلاطين و خلفا در برقراري اين روابط پرداخته شده است.

Relations between Delhi Sultans and Abbasid Caliphs Mohsen Masoumi Assistant Professor, Department of History & Civilization of Islamic Nations, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Saeid Shirazi 1 Faculty Member, Department of Indian Subcontinent and East Asia, Encyclopaedia Islamica Foundation, Tehran, Iran As the most of Muslim sultans, Delhi sultans had been loyal to the Abbasid caliphate for being legitimate. Symbolic acts such as minting caliphs name on the coins and bringing caliphs name in the sermon by most Delhi sultans that their official religion was Hanafi reveals the fact that they theoretically were faithful to the caliphate system. Some of these sultans according to the political conditions in their time and to excel upon their rivals and attract support the Indian subcontinents Muslims that were mostly Hanafi or Shafei, established relation with the Abbasid caliphate of Baghdad and Cairo and received the permission of ruling from them. In this article ,the relationship between the sultans and Abbasid caliphs of Bagdad and Cairo and their motivations and reasons for the establishment of these relations have been studied. Keywords: The Indian Subcontinents, Delhi Sultans, Legitimacy, Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphs, Abbasid Caliphs of Cairo. 1. Email(corresponding author): saeed.shirazi890@gmail.com