كليدواژه :
ابوعيسي اصفهاني , اصفهان , عيسويه , يهوديان
چكيده فارسي :
در نخستين سده هاي هجري، سرزمين ايران صحنه زدوخوردها، شورش ها و انقلاب هايي خرد و كلان با انگيزه هاي مختلف سياسي، ديني و اجتماعي بود. در اين ميان، شايد كم آوازه تر و گمنام تر از همه، قيام ابوعيسي اصفهاني است كه به دليل يهودي بودن وي و پيروانش، قيام در كشوري با جمعيت مسلمان و همچنين ابهامات و اختلاف اقوال درباره ماهيت و كيفيت اين نهضت و پيامدهايش به جاست كه مورد توجه و بررسي جدي تري قرار گيرد. ابوعيسي يك يهودي مقيم اصفهان و درواقع، نخستين يهودي ايراني است كه در نيمه دوم سده دوم هجري با استفاده بهينه از فضاي بحراني و آشوب زده آن عصر با آموزه هاي ديني بعضاً جديد و ادعاهاي مسيحايي، پس از گردآوري هواداران بسيار بر ضد حكومت امويان مي شورد و به قولي مغلوب و منكوب و به قولي ديگر از نظر غايب و در غاري پنهان شد و بنا به روايتي ديگرگونه، براي ابلاغ پيام خدا و رسالت خويش به بنوموسي كه آن سوي نهر مرمل مي زيستند، راه بيابان در پيش گرفت. قيام وي- كه يك نهضت موعودباورانه مهم در تاريخ يهود است- ابتر و بي ثمر نماند و اصحابش موسوم به «عيسويه» يا «اصفهانيه» در نظر و عمل راهش را ادامه دادند.
چكيده لاتين :
In the early centuries, the land of Persia was a scene of clashes, riots, revolutions – great and small – consisting of various political, religious, and social motivations. In the meantime, maybe the least known of all is the uprising of Abu ‘Isa Isfahani, which, because he and his followers were Jewish and as it was a resurgence in a country with a Muslim population as well as due to the ambiguities and differences in reports concerning the nature and quality of this resurgence and its aftermaths, it befits to be more seriously examined. Abu ‘Isa was a Jew residing in Isfahan and in fact was the first Iranian, who revolted against the Umayyad rule after gathering many partisans in the second half of the second century A.H. with an optimal utilization of the intrigued atmosphere of that era and with new religious – and sometimes Christian – doctrines. According to some reports, he was defeated and suppressed, and according to others, he disappeared and hid in a cave, and yet according to some other reports, he took to the desert to convey God’s message and his own mission to Banu Musa, who lived on the other side of the Mermel River. His revolt – which was an important apocalyptic movement in the Jewish history
– was not left idle, as his companions, called ‘Isawiyya or Isfahaniyya, followed his way both in theory and practice.
