وحدت و انسجام در شعر شفيعي ‌كدكني

Unity and Coherence in Shafiʹʹi Kadkaniʹʹs Poetry

با مطالعه و بررسي اشعار شفيعي‌‌ كدكني مي‌‌توان اصول و اركان زيباشناسي شعر او را شناخت؛ اصول و اركاني كه مايه قوام زيبايي در شعر و جذابيت آن براي مخاطب مي‌‌شود. اصل «وحدت» در زيباشناسي شعر شفيعي‌‌ كدكني مهم‌‌ترين ركن است. به‌ بيان ‌ديگر، رشته‌‌هايي مريي و نامريي در لفظ و معني اجزاي سخن شفيعي را به هم پيوند زده و به آن‌ها پيكره‌‌اي واحد داده است و همين نكته باعث جذابيت و تاثيرگذاري بيش‌تر آن در مخاطب شده است. انسجام در شعر وقتي حس مي‌شود كه ميان اجزاي آن شعر نوعي وحدت و در عين‌ حال تنوع وجود داشته باشد. وحدت سبب هماهنگي بين اجزاي سخن مي‌شود و مايه هم‌بستگي و ماندگاري آن. شعري كه مضمون و لفظ آن وحدت داشته باشد احساس زيبايي بيش‌تري برمي‌انگيزد. در اين مقاله، اصل وحدت و عناصر موثر در ساخت آن همچون: وحدت مضمون، هماهنگي اجزا، تحول و سير تدريجي، تناسب، و تكرار بررسي مي‌شود.

Studying Kadkaniʹs poetry, one may find aesthetic principles of his poetry. Such principles confer beauty to the poems and make them attractive for the audience. In the aesthetics of Kadkaniʹs poetry, the principle of "unity" enjoys an important status, and it is the most important feature of the beauty of his poems. In other words, there are visible and invisible threads at the level of words and senses which link parts of his poems and lend them a united body; and this very point makes them more attractive and influential for the audience. Coherence in the poetry may be felt when there are some sort of unity and at the same time diversity among parts of the same poem. Unity brings all parts of the same poem into harmony and correlation and makes it permanent. If there is unity between words and content of a poem, that poem will make the audience to feel more beauty. In the present article, the principle of unity (as the most important aesthetic feature of Kadkaniʹs poetry) and the elements leading to unity and coherence in his poetry (such as unity of content, harmony among parts of a poem, gradual development, appropriateness, and repetition) will be discussed.