منابع كسب خبر در ميان دانشگاهيان ايران: نتايج يك پيمايش ملي

News Acquisition Resources Among Iran Universities: (A National Survey)

هدف: مقاله حاضردر صدد شناخت منابع كسب خبر در ميان دانشگاهيان ايران و عوامل موثر بر آن است. پرسش اصلي مقاله اين است كه دانشگاهيان ايران ترجيح مي‌دهند از چه منابعي خبر كسب كنند و چه كساني از چه منابعي براي كسب خبر استفاده مي‌كنند. روش: اين پژوهش به روش پيمايش انجام شده است. يافته ها: دانشگاهيان ايران از 37 منبع خبري براي كسب خبر استفاده مي‌كنند. اين منابع خبري پس از تحليل عاملي، به شش منبع اصلي تقليل يافتند كه عبارتند از: منابع خبري خارجي، آنلاين، سنّتي داخلي، سازماني- دانشجويي، سايتهاي خبري اينترنتي مجاز و منابع خبري شفاهي. يافته‌ها همچنين حاكي از وجود رابطه معنادار بين اكثر متغيّرهاي مستقل و منابع خبري به عنوان متغيّر وابسته است. نتيجه گيري: نتايج كلي تحقيق حاكي از تاييد تجربي نظريه استفاده و رضامندي و دو نظريه مكمّل آن؛ يعني نظريه مصرف خبر مبتني بر عادت و نظريه رويكرد مجموعه‌اي به خبر است. نتايج تحقيق مويّد آن است كه افراد از ميان منابع رسانه‌اي و خبري متعدد، دست به انتخاب فعالانه و هدفمند مي‌زنند و اين انتخاب بر اساس نيازهاي مخاطبان و رضامندي‌هاي مختلفي كه منابع رسانه‌اي براي آنها فراهم مي‌كنند صورت مي‌گيرد.

Objectives: The authors of the present article attempt to recognize the News acquisition resources among Iran universities and the effective factors. The basic question which is analyses in the present survey is the priorities of Iranian academic members in News acquisition resources.To answer the question the following theories are considered: the theory of usage and satisfaction and two complimentary theories which are news usage based on habit and collective approach to news. Method: The method of the present study is survey. Results: The results of the survey indicate that Iranian academic members apply 37 news resources for News acquisition. The 37 mentioned news recourses are reduced into 6 main news resources (6 factors) after agent analysis. 6 factors included foreign news resources, online news resources, interior traditional news resources, organizational-student news resources, permitted internet news sites, oral news resources. The results of the research also indicate a significant relationship between most of the independent variables and news resources as depended variable. Conclusion: The authors of the article conclude the confirmation of usage theory and satisfaction and two complimentary theories which are news usage based on habit and collective approach to news. The results of the research also indicate an active and planned news selection among media resources and news and the selection is according to the needs and satisfaction of members. The differences in demographic features of answers conclude in difference in News acquisition patterns. The following factors lead to different patterns of news acquisition among Iranian university members: differences in generation, gender, tribes and groups, ranks, academic rule and family rule.