بررسي فرآيند انقراض سلسله واليان اردلان در عهد ناصري

A consideration on the Process of Extinction of Ardalan Governors in the Naserid Era

سال 1284ق. نقطه ي عطفي در تحولات سياسي كردستان اردلان بود. مقارن اين سال شاهنشاه مقتدر قاجار ـ ناصرالدين شاه ـ در پي اعمال سياست تمركزگرايي، پس از مرگ والي اردلان از تفويض دوباره ي قدرت به اعضاي اين خاندان خودداري كرد. وي با انتصاب يكي از شاهزادگان قجري بنام فرهاد ميرزا معتمدالدوله دراين منطقه، به سلطه ي سياسي چند صدساله ي خاندان متنفذ محلي اردلان خاتمه داد. اين پژوهش با اتخاذ روش تاريخي و با بررسي چگونگي شكل گيري روابط پيرامون و مركز، ضمن تبيين چرايي و چگونگي فروپاشي اين حكومت محلي درصدد است تا علل و عوامل اين انقراض و پيامدهاي ناشي از آن را مورد بحث قراردهد و در پاسخ به اين پرسش ها و ابهامات نشان دهد كه سياست قاجاري كردن ايران، تمركزگرايي سياسي، و تمايل شديد قدرت فزاينده نظام استبدادي به تجميع و ادغام پيرامون در مركز، اختلافات دروني خاندان اردلان، ضعف سياسي آخرين واليان اردلان و نارضايتي عمومي، مقارن با رشد روز افزون قدرت سلطاني ناصرالدين شاه و سياست تغيير در شيوه ي حاكميت محلي و نظام والي گري نقش موثري در انحلال حكومت اردلان ها داشته است.

The year 1284 was a turning point in the political developments in Kurdistan in the Ardalans’ era. In that year, the powerful Qajar king- Nassereddin shah- who sought to impose centralized policies, refused to delegate power to the Ardalan governors after the death of their family members. He appointed one of the princes of Qajar named Farhad Mirza Motamedoddowleh in this region and ended the political domination of a few hundred years of local influential Ardalan dynasty. This research is trying to consider the reasons, qualities and factors of the extinction of this local dynasty and consequences resulted from this, based on historical method and considering the formation of relationships between this dynasty and the central government. And also, it is trying to answer the above questions and ambiguities to prove that Qajarization policy toward the country, political centralization and extreme desire to increasingly authoritarian for integrating and collecting the Ardalans kingdom in central government, internal family disputes among the Ardalans, political weaknesses of last governors of the Ardalans, and general discontent were some factors which have played significant roles in dissolution of the Ardalans government, especially when those factors were coinciding with the growing power of Nasereddin shah and his policies for changing the style of local government and ruling system