بازجست تفكّر خلاق و انتقادي از ديدگاه مولوي

The study of the Creative and Critical Thinking from Molavi’s Point of View

در بين موجودات عالم هستي، انسان تنها حيوان انديشمندي است كه براي تداوم حيات و رفع نيازهاي مادي و معنوي خويش از گوهر تفكّر خلاق و انتقادي بهره مي گيرد. ارتقاي فكري انسان از موضوعات قابل تامل در فرهنگ قرآني-اسلامي است. عارفان با استمداد از اين فرهنگ به واكاوي ژرفاي وجود آدمي پرداخته اند. مولوي بلخي در زمره عارفاني است كه در بستر دين با دستيابي به آگاهي كيهاني، درصدد حل مسايل مادي و معنوي انسان از مجراي انديشه و در قالب تمثيل و حكايات دلنشين برآمده است. با وجود آنكه مولانا گوهر وجودي انسان را انديشه وري تلقي مي كند اما از مضيق افهام كهن و وسواس افكار، جهل و عصبيت فكري مردمان نيز به تنگ آمده است و همواره در تمناي افكار نو و معاني بكر برمي آيد. او فكر خلاق و بكر را امري فطري مي‌پندارد و بر آن است كه با فكر شيرين و ذكر مدام مي توان زمينه خلاقيت در انديشه و تفكّر منتقدانه را فراهم آورد. وي انسان كامل را الگوي تفكر درست و خلاق مي-شمرد.

Among the creatures of the world human being is the only animals that for continuation of life and removing his material and spiritual needs is able to think creatively. In fact, it is one of the advantages of human being to enjoy such rational abilities. Muslims have tried their best to explain the nature of humans as clearly as possible and to enumerate their needs. Molavi, from Balkh, is one of the theologians who tried to remove some of physical and spiritual needs of the people through contemplation and using allegories and anecdotes under the larger context of religion. He could achieve a cosmological awareness due to such an attitude. He was a scholar who was tired of out-dated conceptions and ideas of his time and the intellectual ignorance of the people. As a result, he made attempts to bring new ideas and meanings. He believed that brand new ideas are innate. Therefore, he tried to establish the ground for the creativity of thinking . According to Molavi, a perfect human being is the one who is the symbol of correct and creative thinking