اقتضا ات اصل توحيد نظري در انديشه سياسي اسلامي؛ با تاكيد بر ديدگاه كلامي و سياسي آيت الله مصباح و آيت‌الله جوادي آملي

The Requirements of the Principle of Theoretical Divine Unity (in Essence and in Attributes) in Islamic Political Thought (with Emphasis on Ayatollah Misbah and Ayatollah Jawadi Amoliʹʹs Political and

اصل «توحيد»، اساسي‌ترين اصل نظام عقيدتي اسلام و «سياست» نيز از اساسي‌ترين علوم عملي است كه در نظام ارزشي اسلام وجود دارد. توحيد به عنوان «مبدا»، «جهت» و «مقصد» در همه مولفه‌هاي سياسي اسلام، ظهور دارد، به‌طوري كه مي‌توان ادعا كرد مباني و مسايل سياست اسلامي از توابع و ملزومات قريب و بعيد توحيد مي‌باشند. اين نوشتار، با روش توصيفي ـ تحليلي در پي اين است تا با تحليل اقتضا ات و استلزامات دو بُعد توحيد ذاتي و صفاتي در سياست اسلامي، ابعاد و زواياي توحيدي بودن نظريه سياسي اسلام، كه منشا تمايز حقيقي نظام سياسي اسلام با ساير نظام‌هاي سياسي الحادي است، روشن نمايد. همچنين نتايج حاصله از تحقيق حاضر، مي‌تواند به مثابه پاسخي براي اصلاح نابساماني‌هاي سياست داخلي و خارجي اسلامي، بخصوص طرحي براي تحقق «وحدت گروي»، در عين كثرت سياسي، در عرصه داخلي، وحدت امت اسلامي و حتي جامعه انساني محسوب گردد.

The principle of "Divine unity" is the most important principle in the ideological system of Islam, and "politics" is the basic practical science in the exiological system of Islam. Divine Unity, as an "origin", "direction" and "aim", manifests itself in all political components of Islam to such an extent that the foundations and issues of Islamic politics are considered among the short-term and long-term requirements and functions of Divine unity. Analyzing the requirements of the two dimensions of Divine Unity in essence and in attributes in Islamic politics, the present paper seeks to clarify the aspects of the monotheistic native in the political theory of Islam, which is, in fact, the origin of real difference between the political system of Islam and atheistic political systems. Furthermore, the research findings can contribute to correcting the disorders in domestic and foreign policy the world of Islam, especially for actualizing "monism" (alongside political plurality) in domestic sphere and unity of Islamic nation and human society, as well. A descriptive-analytical method is used in this research in which special emphasis is given to the theological and political views of such eminent scholars like Ayatollah Misbah Yazdi and Ayatollah ʹAbdullah Jawadi Amoli.