ارزيابي متغيرهاي تاثير گذار بر زيبايي منظر تاريخي- فرهنگي آرامستان هاي اسلامي ايران (نمونه موردي تخت فولاد اصفهان)

Evaluation of variables affecting the beauty of historical and cultural landscape of Islamic cemeteries of Iran (A case study: akht-e Foolad Cemetery of Isfahan)

آرامستان هاي ايران در دوره اسلامي هويّت و مفهومي متفاوت با آنچه كه امروزه شاهد آن هستيم داشته اند و غالباً براي مردم به عنوان مكاني زيارتي ـ تفريحي، با حياتي پويا مطرح بوده?اند. هدف از اين مقاله ارزيابي ديدگاه مردم از زيبايي با استفاده از آزموني بصري و شناسايي متغيّرهاي موثر بر ارزيابي زيبايي منظر تاريخي ـ فرهنگي آرامستان هاي ايران در دوره اسلامي است. در اين باره، آرامستان تخت فولاد اصفهان كه در انتهاي يكي از شاخه هاي محور تاريخي ـ فرهنگي اصفهان واقع است، به دليل وسعت، كثرت مشاهير مدفون در آن و وجود ابنيه ارزش مند تاريخي از مهم ترين محوطه هاي تاريخي و فرهنگي ايران محسوب مي شود، مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. اين مكان علاوه بر ارزش هاي مذهبي، ارتباط قوي بين شهروندان با مجموعه با وجود انتقال كاربري اصلي آن و به عنوان يكي از كانون هاي گردشگري اصفهان از دير باز تاكنون، آينه تمام نماي فرهنگ و هنر ايران اسلامي بوده است. در اين بررسي دو معيار تمركز و آرامش براي نخستين بار به عنوان عوامل موثر در ترجيحات زيبايي مردم از مكان شناسايي شدند.

Historical heritages are as one of the most important city areas with inheritance and identity accounts in Iran; in addition, million citizens are settled in these places. These heritages are unsustainable and vulnerable against earthquake. Operational programs of community- based approach consistence using social capitals and correct planning before occurrence of disasters and providing crisis management projects about disasters can decrease considerable amount of losses and injuries. Generally, by identifying available capitals and social groups in neighborhoods, the amount of losses after earthquake can decrease by participation through risk reduction programs in neighborhoods. Afterwards, this research has accomplished with the aim of evaluation social capitals role in risk reduction of cities from earthquake by descriptive method and analysis of quantitative information. It has utilized librarian method and survey for collecting data. Statistic community of research consists of resident household in Fahadanzone and the number of cases has been 300 people. Reliability of survey is confirmed from Cronbach’s alpha (86%) and the stability has been approved by experts. Analysis of data is accomplished by using Pearson correlation in SPSS. Results show that the amount of people tendency for cooperating in earthquake risk reduction programs have positive relation with people participation, social communication and resident’s confidence to existent groups in zone.