مطالعه جامعه‌شناختي تاثير ارزش‏هاي غربي و رسانه‌هاي جمعي بر تصور بدنيمورد مطالعه: زنان بالاتر از 15 سال شهر تبريز

A Sociological Study on the Effect of Western Values and Mass Media on Body Image (Case Study: Over 15 Year Old Women in Tabriz)

تصور بدني، پديده پيچيده‌اي است كه شامل مولفه‌هاي فيزيولوژيك، روان‏شناختي و جامعه‌شناختي مي‌باشد. در سال‏هاي اخير رشد فزاينده‌اي در پژوهش‌هاي مربوط به تصور از بدن انجام شده است. اين مفهوم در دهه‌هاي اخير بسيار نقد و بررسي شده است. تصور بدن براي نخستين بار به وسيله شلدر و با چشم اندازي روان شناسانه، به صورت «تصويري از بدن كه ما در ذهنمان شكل مي‌دهيم و شيوه‌اي كه بدن برايمان آشكار مي شود» تعريف شده است. در هر جامعه اي مجموعه‏اي از الگوها و ايده‌آل‏هاي فرهنگي در ارتباط با خصوصيات زيبايي اندام و چهره در مورد زنان تبليغ و اشاعه مي‏شود. نمونه مشخصي از اين ارزش‏ها كه امروزه در مورد زنان در اكثر جوامع مورد توافق قرار گرفته، باريك اندامي است. با توجه به اينكه، بر اساس پژوهش‏هاي صورت گرفته، رسانه‌هاي جمعي و ارزش‏هاي غربي از منابع مهم و تاثيرگذار بر تصور بدني هستند، لذا در اين پژوهش به بررسي رابطه دو سازه ارزش‌هاي غربي و رسانه‌هاي جمعي بر تصور بدني پرداخته شده است. روش: اين پژوهش به روش پيمايشي و با استفاده از نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي چند مرحله‌اي در بين زنان بالاتر از 15 سال شهر تبريز، با تعداد نمونه 316 نفر انجام گرفته است. نتايج: نتايج گوياي اين نكته است كه بين تاثير ارزش‏هاي غربي و تاثير رسانه‌هاي جمعي با تصور بدني رابطه مثبت و معناداري وجود دارد و دو متغير دروني‌سازي ارزش‏هاي غربي و استفاده از اينترنت در مجموع 19 درصد از واريانس تصور بدني را تبيين كرده است.

Introduction Body image is a complicated phenomenon which includes the physiological, psychological and sociological indexes. Recently, there have been increasingly main studies about the body image. This concept has been criticized recently. Body image is firstly defined from the psychological view as "an image from the body which we have in the mind and the way that the body is seen to us". In fact, Body image is a mentality means that everyone is concerned with his /her appearance. Much of this mindset, positive or negative, roots in values of the community in which it is promoted. In any society, there are certain patterns and characteristics associated with cultural ideals of beauty and body image of women which are advertised and promoted. Specific example of the value of women, accepted in most societies, is being slim. Being affected aspect of the body and the Aesthetic criteria related to it in the society and its values show that appearance has a broad meaning and can not be considered only from physiological view. However, it is studied from the social view and followed by the psychological phenomenon. In fact, it is society which dictates the appropriate appearance to people. To the extent that the person tries to have the acceptable appearance, he/she is accepted by the community. Society and culture in which a person grows, it teaches the individual how to define and interpret many of the changes occurring in her body and the others. Our perception of our bodies, that we understand how our bodies, our ability to establish relations with others, and may also affect the responses that we receive from others. Our perception of our bodies, how do we understand our bodies, can affect our ability to establish the relations with others, and may also affect the responses that we receive from others. Given that, based on researches, media and Western values are among the important influential sources on body image. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between Western values and structures of mass media on body image Material and Methods the statistical population of this study includes the over 15 year old women in Tabriz. Samples are chosen through Cochran Formula. They were 316 women. This study is done through survey method and we used questionnaire for collecting the data. Sampling method is cluster sampling one and the unit of study is person. Finally, we analyzed the data by the SPSS software. Discussion of Results and Conclusions the results of this study show that there is a positive and significant correlation between Western values and the effects of mass media on body image. Two variables, internalizing the Western values and using internet could totally explain 19% of variance changes in body image. The positive relationship between body image with the mass media and the western values are in contrast with the present results in literature of the research. We attribute these cases to cultural differences between Iran and the other countries. They show that this study has been able to appropriately show the cultural differences between Iranian and the European ones related to the importance of the appearance and fitness.