بررسي تاثير رسانه‏هاي داخلي و خارجي بر ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي ديني در بين شهروندان 15-65 ساله شهرتبريز

A Study of the Impact of Domestic and Foreign Media on the Level of Adherence to Religious Lifestyle (the Case of Tabriz Citizens Aged 15-65)

مقاله حاضر برگرفته از پژوهشي پيمايشي است كه به بررسي تاثير رسانه‏هاي داخلي و خارجي بر ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي ديني در بين شهروندان 15-65 ساله شهر تبريز مي‏پردازد. داده‏ها توسط پرسشنامه و از نمونه‏اي با حجم 706 نفر كه از فرمول كوكران به دست آمده، با روش نمونه‏گيري خوشه‏اي چند مرحله‏اي تصادفي، گرد‏آوري شده و تجزيه و تحليل شده است. نتايج حاصل از آزمون استنباطي آناليز واريانس و تفاوت ميانگين حاكي است: به لحاظ جنسيت، زنان بيش از مردان و به لحاظ تحصيلات، بيسوادان و ديپلم‏ها داراي بالاترين و ليسانس‏ها از كمترين ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي ديني برخوردارند. نتايج حاصل از تحليل همبستگي نيز نشان مي‏دهد كه همبستگي معني‌دار و مستقيمي بين ميزان تماشاي تلويزيون،گوش دادن به راديو و در كل، ميزان استفاده از رسانه‏هاي داخلي با ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي ديني مشاهده شد. همچنين، همبستگي معني‏دار و معكوس بين ميزان تماشاي ماهواره، استفاده از اينترنت و ميزان استفاده از رسانه‏هاي جهاني با ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي ديني وجود دارد. يافته ديگر نيز نشان‏دهنده همبستگي معني‏دار و مستقيم سن با متغير وابسته است. نتايج حاصل از مدل رگرسيون خطي گام به گام نيز نشان داد كه همه متغيرهاي مستقل تحقيق وارد مدل نهايي شده است. اين متغيرها توانسته‏اند نزديك 27 درصد از تغييرات متغير ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي مذهبي شهروندان را تبيين نمايند. بنابراين، طبق مدل رگرسيوني مي‏توان گفت مهمترين متغيرهايي كه در تبيين ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي مذهبي شهروندان نقش ايفا مي‏كنند، ماهواره و تلويزيون داخلي هستند. اولي ميزان پايبندي به سبك زندگي

Introduction Most scholars believe that the current era is the era of information and media. These are media that have caused the acceleration of social and cultural changes and various patterns of lifestyles in the world are introduced by them. It can be said that, in the contemporary era, the importance of media especially modern media is the most important amongst other factors in changing lifestyles. Therefore, given the importance of this issue, the evaluation of adherence to religious lifestyle and the impact of mass media on it is studied among citizens (aged 15-65 year old) of the Metropolis city of Tabriz Materials and Methods This study was conducted based on quantitative research assumptions and survey method. The population involved were 15-65 year old citizens of Tabriz, who are more than 1023589 according to the general census of population and housing (1392). For sample size, 706 individuals were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling method. After selecting the sample, the data was gathered by means of a research-made questionnaire and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Discussion of Results and Conclusions Descriptive statistics shows that research subjects spend two hours and ten minutes on average on watching domestic television, less than half an hour on listening to radio programs, an hour and ten minutes on watching satellites channels, and an hour and twenty minutes for using the Internet per day. Also, the level of citizen’s adherence to religious lifestyle is above the average. In addition, the results of the ANOVA statistical testing and average differences show that women adhere to religious lifestyles more than men and illiterates and graduate students adhere to religious lifestyles more than bachelors. The results of the correlation analysis also show that there is a significant and direct correlation between watching domestic TV and listening to the radio with adherence to religious lifestyles. Furthermore, there is a significant and inverse correlation between watching satellite channels and the Internet usage with adherence to religious lifestyles. Other findings also indicate that there is a significant and direct correlation between age and the dependent variable. The Results of stepwise linear regression model showed that all of the independent variables are entered into the final model. These variables were able to explain nearly 27 percent of the variations of the dependent variable, which is adherence to religious lifestyles. According to results of the research, the media is one of the main factors affecting religious lifestyles. It acts like a double-edged sword: as national media encourage adherence to religious lifestyles, foreign media introduce different styles and lead people to decrease their commitment ad adherence to religious lifestyles of the society. We believe of the national media can do is to at least attempt to make better products in relation to various spheres of national heroes and historical facts. Overall, it can be said that producing continuous programs based on encouraging the components of religious lifestyles in domestic media and cyberspace also can be an effective step in reducing the negative impact of foreign media on religious lifestyles.