بررسي تاثير اجراي 5s بر كارايي و اثربخشي كاركنان كلانتري‌ها

A Study of the Impact of Implementing 5s on Efficiency and Effectiveness of Constabulariesʹʹ Workers

5s به عنوان يكي از اصول كايزن (بهبود مستمر) با هدف افزايش كارايي و اثربخشي عملكرد، از طريق تغييرات دروني در كاركنان است. اين تحقيق به بررسي تاثير اجراي 5s بر كارايي و اثربخشي كاركنان كلانتري‏ها مي‏پردازد. اين تحقيق از لحاظ روش، توصيفي- پيمايشي و از لحاظ هدف كاربردي است و در آن از آزمون T زوج نمونه‏اي براي بررسي تاثير متغيرها استفاده شد. در ابتدا، با استفاده از ادبيات تحقيق، شاخص‏ها و مولفه‏هاي كارايي و اثربخشي استخراج و پس از آن، كاركنان دو كلانتري 134 شهرك قدس و 140 باغ فيض فرماندهي انتظامي تهران بزرگ به عنوان جامعه آماري اين تحقيق به تعداد 66 نفر (در مجموع 132 نفر) به صورت مساوي به روش نمونه‏گيري تصادفي انتخاب شدند. سپس، به وسيله پرسشنامه هاي طراحي شده (محقق ساخته)، وضع موجود كارايي و اثربخشي مورد سنجش و سپس آموزش 5s ارايه شد و پس از آن، از طريق پرسشنامه دوم، مجددا نظر كاركنان نسبت به تاثير اجراي متغير 5s بر كارايي و اثربخشي مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. روايي پرسشنامه ها با استفاده از نظرهاي خبرگان و پايايي آنها با استفاده از نرم‏افزار محاسبه گرديد. يافته‏هاي حاصل از تحقيق گوياي آن است كه از نظر كاركنان مورد بررسي متغير مستقل اجراي 5s بر كارايي و اثربخشي كاركنان كلانتري‏ها موثر است.

Introduction People always seek ways for improving and using optimally the current facilities which are available. KAIZEN is a Japanese expression which means improvement. In fact, KAIZEN is a continuous improvement which encompasses all people, managers and employees alike, and its philosophy is based on continuous improvement in lifestyle of human beings. Like an umbrella, KAIZEN encompasses all principles for moving to promotion and organizational excellence. 5s is one of these principles, which is an abbreviation for 5 Japanese values, including a set of standards and activities directed at creating a systemic, clean, enjoyable and creative environment. What causes 5s to be included in KAIZEN is implementation of changes and having small but continuous improvements; an improvement which keeps business in competition and helps increase the competitive power of the organization to perform effective and efficient improvements. This research aims to consider the impact of 5s on the efficiency and effectiveness of police forces. In other words, this research is based on considering the relationships between 5s and police force efficiency and effectiveness. Material & Methods This research examines a new conceptual model using scientific resources. This is a practical research from the point of its goal. Also, it is a descriptive and survey research which considers the impact of one variable on other variables. So, two groups from two constabularies were selected and a special educational course was implemented relating to the main topic of the research (5s implementation) for workers of these constabularies. The data of research were analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical society of this research include all employees in 134 and 140 of the Great Tehran Police Commanding Center. The volume of sample is selected by KOKRAN formula which is a sample volume determination technique. Totally, 132 individuals were chosen from police forces for considering the impacts of implementing independent variable on the dependent variable by random sampling technique. The questionnaire of this research is prepared by researchers by 31 questions for measuring efficiency and 40 questions for measuring effectiveness. Formal Validity was obtained and the questionnaireʹs reliability was achieved through Alpha Cronbach technique using SPSS software. Discussion of Results & Conclusions The results of the research show that significant level for two variables of efficiency and effectiveness is downer than 0.05; So, H0 is rejected (there is difference between police forces idea about the impacts of 5s implementation on the efficiency and effectiveness of police forces in constabularies). So, we can state that there is a significant difference between the ideas of police forces before and after education. On the other hand, because the average of ideas for the efficiency variable before education is 3.05, and it is increased to 4.05 after education, we can thus state that based on the technique we used in this research and the optimization which occurred to the average of employeeʹs idea, 5s implementation leads to the improvement of efficiency and effectiveness. So, both of the hypotheses of this research are approved. It means that 5s implementation has a positive impact on efficiency and effectiveness of workers in police constabularies. At the end, there are suggestions as follows: Education is one of the principles and fundamentals of each approach. So, we suggest that it is useful to design the mechanism of capturing 5s abilities according to 5s thought and abilities in constabularies. Implementing 5s approach as pilot studies in other constabularies for getting more exact information about the faults and problems of this approach.