آموزه هاي تعليمي مثنوي مولوي در حوزه آسيب هاي اجتماعي

The didactic doctrines of Mathnavi Manavi in the field of social harms

اثر ادبي تعليمي، اثري است كه دانشي (چه عملي و چه نظري) را براي خواننده تشريح كند يا مسايل اخلاقي، مذهبيو فلسفي را به شكل ادبي عرضه دارد. مثنوي معنوي نمونه بارز ادبيات عرفاني عليمي است كه در آن، مولانا به بهترين شكل و در قالب تمثيل و حكايات تعليمي، آموزه هاي اخلاقي و عرفاني را به مخاطبانش آموزش مي دهد. در اين مقاله، برخي از نكات تعليمي مثنوي و تاثيرگذاري آن بر شنونده و كاركرد آن در حوزه آسيب هاي اجتماعي بررسي مي شود تا دريابيم مولوي چگونه از آموزه هاي مبتني بر تجربيات ارزشمند خود براي تعليم و تربيت بهره برده است و چگونه مي‌توان از اين آموزه ها در كاهش و ترميم آسيب هاي اجتماعي در دنياي معاصر استفاده كرد. يافته هاي اين تحقيق نشان مي دهد مولوي عرفان را امري اجتماعي مي داند و آموزه‌هاي عرفاني وي كاملاً در حوزه اجتماعي است و مي توان با به كارگيري آنها از بسياري از آسيب هاي اجتماعي جلوگيري كرد.

A Didactic work is a form of work that knowledge (whether theoretical or practical) is explained to readers or moral religious and philosophical issues are expressed in a literary form (Shamsia1382:269). Rumi’s Mathnavi is the best typical example of a mystical literature in which Rumi teaches moral and spiritual trainings in the forms of parables and educational stories to the readers. In this article, we study some educational advices of Mathnavi and their effects on the readers to understand how the teachings of Rumi’s mysticism are used in education. Although in the previous studies, mystical and moral teachings of Mathnavi have been carried out considerably, the purpose of the present paper is to examine the educational and moral points of Mathnavi from social view. Therefore, we could use these teachings to reduce and restore social harms in the contemporary world - a world that civilization and modernity have violated many of moral virtues. This research is on the basis of analytic–descriptive method. The result shows that Rumi believed in mysticism as a social fact and his teachings in this category are social and moral. Thus, by using them in social life we can prevent most of social pathology.