پديد آورندگان :
بدري ، سيد علي نويسنده , , قرنجيك، عبدالمجيد نويسنده دانشجوي دكتراي جغرافيا و برنامه‌ريزي روستايي، دانشگاه خوارزمي ,
كليدواژه :
Ethnic - cultural characteristics , Quality of life , Rural Areas , South Jabarby Rural District , Subjective indicators , Torkman County , دهستان جعفرباي جنوبي , ويژگي‌هاي قومي- فرهنگي , شاخص هاي ذهني , كيفيت زندگي , شهرستان تركمن
چكيده فارسي :
بررسي كيفيت زندگي از ابعاد و ديدگاه‌هاي گوناگون، از اهداف مهم دست‌اندركاران آن در حوزه‌هاي مختلف دانش و اجرا در سال‌هاي اخير بوده است. اين امر اهميت توجه و ضرورت مطالعه در اين حوزه را نشان مي‌دهد. يكي از ابعاد مهم كيفيت زندگي، بعد شاخص‌هاي ذهني كيفيت زندگي است كه ارتباط تنگاتنگي با ويژگي‌هاي اجتماعي و فرهنگي جوامع دارد. كيفيت زندگي از اين منظر به ويژه در نواحي روستايي كمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. تحقيق حاضر با استفاده از روش توصيفي، تحليلي و با بهره گيري از شيوه پيمايشي به بررسي ارتباط ميان ويژگي‌هاي قومي- فرهنگي و شاخص‌هاي ذهني كيفيت زندگي در ميان روستاييان ساكن در ناحيه روستايي دهستان جعفرباي جنوبي شهرستان تركمن مي‌پردازد. تجزيه و تحليل يافته‌هاي حاصل از مطالعه ميداني و تكميل پرسشنامه كه با استفاده از آزمون‌هاي آماري شامل آزمون T تك نمونه‌اي، ميانگين، همبستگي پيرسون، كاي‌اسكوير و ميانگين به كمك نرم‌افزار SPSS نشان
مي دهد كه به رغم پايين بودن نسبي وضعيت معيشت و برخورداري از امكانات، وجود فرهنگ سنتي قوم تركمن با ويژگي‌هاي خاص اجتماعي، مذهبي و معيشتي و علقه و وابستگي به مكان آبا و اجدادي و نيز ويژگي هاي درون گرايي و انزواطلبي، اين كمبودها را كمرنگ‌تر مي‌كند. از اين رو سطح كيفيت زندگي از نظر شاخص‌هاي ذهني در اين ناحيه بالا بوده و رابطه معناداري با ويژگي‌هاي
قومي- فرهنگي مردم آن دارد. بنابراين مي توان گفت به لحاظ پايبندي اجتماع محلي مورد مطالعه به ويژگي‌هاي قومي- فرهنگي، ميزان رضايت مردم از سطح كيفيت زندگي در شاخص‌هاي ذهني بالاتر است.
چكيده لاتين :
In recent decades, the quality of life has been one of the many topics of interest to scientific researchers, planners and governments. Since the socio-cultural and environmental factors influence quality of life, there are different levels of subjective indicators for quality of life in different societies. Also, to this important debate, the lack of scientific research in the study area and ethnicity there with their special features in this region, by using descriptive and analytical studies relying on documents, the subjective indicators of quality of life in South Jafarbay (Turkmen county) have been investigated. The traditional culture of Turkmen people in the study area with their specific social, religious and livelihood characteristics was one of the reasons of selecting this issue. Unlike the results of other researchers across the country, these people believe they are living a desirable life. They also believe that achieving higher levels of well-being generally requires moving away from the beliefs and their ethnic – cultural characteristics. In this regard, eight dimensions of life quality including education, health, security, environment, infrastructure, employment and income, leisure time and social cohesion and interaction have been taken into consideration and the questionnaires for collecting field data was provided. Also, to understand the factors affecting quality of life, 11 independent variables including age, education, number of people employed in the household, facilities, household income, assets, housing built up area, attachment to the rural and regional environment, and specific ethnic-cultural features were examined. The reliability of questionnaires was assessed about 0.9 using Cronbachʹs alpha. Based on stratified sampling, 8 villages out of 17 in the district were selected. The villages were selected based on potential model (for development classification) and totally 228 questionnaires were distributed. The results of the questionnaires using field study and statistical tests such as one-sample T test, Pierson mean and correlation were analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that despite the subsistence and enjoyment of the facilities in the area was relatively low, but because of some reasons such as Turkmen traditional culture and social characteristics, religion and their livelihood, attachment to their ancestral places and also properties of introversion and isolationism, these deficiencies seem relatively low. So it can be said that the more the influence of ethnic features and adherence to Turkmen culture in the people of the area, the more their satisfaction level based on subjective indices of quality of life.
