معرفي، بررسي و تحليل نسخه خطي «كاشف المشكلات» ابوبكر بن كالنجار شيرازي

The Presentation of Kashef al-Moshkelat Manuscript by Abubakr Ibn Kalnajar Shirazi

از مهم‌ترين مباحث در باب حفظ فرهنگ و تمدن ايران اسلامي، انتقال متون اسلامي و شرح و تصحيح آنها در قالبي صحيح و به دور از تحريف و تصرف به نسل هاي آينده است. امروزه با گسترش و رشد فزاينده وسايل ارتباط جمعي و سيطره آن بر اذهان و جوامع و پيدايي و تبليغ زبان و فرهنگ هاي كم عمق و بي ريشه، ضرورت پرداختن به حفظ آثار تمدن ايراني– اسلامي كه حامل بار هويتي و معنوي كشورمان هستند بيش از هر زمان ديگر مشهود است. نسخه خطي كاشف المشكلات از ابوبكر بن باكالنجار شيرازي كه به زباني ساده و مرسل از قرن هشتم هجري بر جاي مانده است، هم به لحاظ احتوا بر مسايل غامض و ديرياب علوم متداول عصر مولف و هم به دليل نثر ساده و روان كه گاه به زيبايي هاي لفظي و معنوي نيز آراسته شده و ارزش آن را افزون ساخته است، در زمره كتبي است كه عليرغم جايگاه ويژه مولف و اثر، به آن پرداخته نشده و ضرورت شناسايي آن در راستاي حفظ تمدن غني ايراني ـ اسلامي و به عنوان حامل بار هويتي و معنوي كشور، لازم و ضروري است.

Correcting a valuable manuscript and annotating and glossing a book remained from the past not only reinforce the ethnic and national heritage of a country and provides extensive information about manner, thinking and intellectual and linguistic structure of past thinkers and scientists, but also is an original research which has been acknowledged by literary critics. The manuscript of Kashef al-Moshkelat by Baha al-Din Abubakr Ibn Kalnajar Shirazi has remained from seventh and eighth centuries (A.H) of which only one unique copy handwritten by the author is available. According to the text of this work and also acknowledged by the biographies written in his own time, the author of this book has had a prominent mystical and scientific status and composed this book in order to solve the difficulties of prevalent sciences in his own time and due to the request of his time’s learned men. This work, which has been written with a plain and vivid scientific language decorated with stylistic and rhetorical figures in the form of short sentences, consists of various chapters about interpretation of verses and hadiths, medicine, philosophical and religious difficulties, the author’s recommendations besides mystical expressions and the author’s revelations. This book has three major sections each of which has several subsections and each subsections includes various epistles totally consisted of 349 epistles. Providing some descriptions about the life of the author and investigating this book and its content, the article aims to explore the structure, style and linguistic characteristics of this book based on extracted evidence and also investigate it form aesthetic and literary aspects.