الگوي فضايي مشاركت در انتخابات رياست جمهوري مطالعه موردي : دوره يازدهم رياست جمهوري

Spatial Patterns of Participation in Presidential Elections Case study: The Eleventh Presidential

چكيده ايرانيان بيش از سه دهه است كه با حضور در انتخابات، سرنوشت و اداره كشور را به‌دست افراد مورد نظر خود مي سپارند. هر چند سابقه شكل گيري مجلس به دوران مشروطه بر مي گردد، ولي نقش پررنگ مجلس و انتخابات در بعد از انقلاب اسلامي، نمايان گشته است. پژوهش حاضر به‌دنبال بررسي چگونگي حضور مردم از ديدگاه فضايي- سياسي در پهنه سرزمين است، تا نشان دهد كه الگوي فضايي مشاركت مردم در يازدهمين دور انتخابات رياست جمهوري چگونه بوده است. بدينمنظور با استفاده از نتايج تفصيلي انتخابات يازدهم رياست جمهوري و توابع آمار مكاني به بيان الگوي فضايي تمايل ساكنين كشور به هر يك از نامزدهاي حاضر در انتخابات پرداخته شده است. نتايج نشان داد كه الگوي مشاركت در كشور يكسان نبوده و استان هاي با توسعه‌يافتگي بالا از مشاركت كمتري برخوردار بوده و استان هاي محروم مشاركت بيشتري داشته اند. الگوي فضايي آرا بيانگر تمركز شديد آرا كانديد منتخب در نواحي شمال غرب، جنوب شرق و جنوب كشور بوده و همچنين آرا آقايان محسن رضايي در غرب و جنوب غرب كشور و محمدباقر قاليباف در خراسان رضوي كاملاً منطبق بر جستار زادشهري است. واژه‌هاي‌كليدي: الگوي فضايي، مشاركت، انتخابات، انتخابات يازدهمين دوره رياست جمهوري، ايران.

Extended Abstract Introduction Islamic republic of Iran’s citizens surrender the destiny and management of country to their intended people by presenting at elections more than three decades. This study is following spatial-political point view by investigating how people attend in elections in the territory to show that how had been spatial pattern of people’s participation in resent election. This study predisposes spatial pattern of countries’ residents about each candidate who was in the election. Methodology This study has been done by using data given by ministry of interior’s election campaign about presidential eleventh election in cities scale. The goal of this study is expressing regional differences in gaining presidential election’s votes using spatial statics. Then by using geographical information system has predisposed evaluating votes’ spatial focus of each of them after expressing geographical distribution of presidential candidates’ votes. Discussion Organizing countries’ affairs is by institutions where have authority in geographical area. Surrendering authority to the governments is done in the form of election by people. According to elections’ importance in countries’ political vita process different studies about political geography of elections and political participation have been done in different countries and also in Iran. These studies mainly with the approach of looking at foretime or foreseeing based on attributive studies’ approaches retrospective, survey and polls was following to check out the relation between social, economic and ethnic place and its effect on participation rate and choosing election candidates; and the goal of most of the studies also has been recognition the rules and patterns governing public opinion in electing a person or political factions. Result and Conclusion Results show that participation pattern is not the same in the country and provinces with a high development have a less participation and deprived provinces have had the most participation. Spatial pattern of votes is expressing an intensive focus of votes in North West, south east and the south of country. Prophesier Rezaei’s votes in east and south east of country and Prophesier Ghalibaf in Khorasan Razavi completely conform to urban birth’s inquiry. Keywords: Space, Place, Participants, the Eleventh Presidential Elections, Iran.