تحليل اقتصاد سياسي توسعه در هند

Analysis of Political Economy of Development in India

اقتصاد سياسي از جمله شاخه هاي علوم اجتماعي است كه به بررسي كيفيّت و ميزان دخالت دولت در اقتصاد مي پردازد و تحليل چگونگي رابطه ميان اقتصاد و سياست را با توجّه به شرايط و ويژگي هاي سياسي، اجتماعي و اقتصادي هر جامعه مورد توجه قرار مي-دهد. هند از جمله كشورهايي است كه با ايجاد تحوّلاتي در حوزه ي اقتصاد سياسي و اعمال دگرگوني هايي در سياست هاي داخلي و سياست خارجي خويش توانسته است به رشد و توسعه ي اقتصادي چشمگيري دست پيدا كند و در رده ي قدرت هاي برتر منطقه اي قرار گرفته و در جهت تبديل به يك قدرت جهاني حركت نمايد. مدّعاي اين پژوهش اينست كه محوريّت واقع شدن توسعه ي انساني در كنار تقـويت بخش خصوصـي از يك سـو، و تغييـر در سياست "عـدم تعهـّد" و اتخـاذ استـراتـژي واقع گرايي در سياست خارجي به منظور ارتقاي منافع ملّي از سوي ديگر، زمينه ساز تحقّق جهش هاي اقتصادي اين كشور و تبديل آن به يك قدرت عمده ي جهاني شده است.

Political economy is one of the branches of the social sciences which study the manner and the level of the state’s intervention in economy. It also analyzes the relationship between economy and politics according to political, social and economic conditions and particularities of every society. India is one of the countries which, by creating the changes in the domain of his political economy and developments in the area of his internal and external politics, have successfully accomplished a great economic growth and development. It has been able to stand among the higher regional powers and is moving towards becoming a global power. Indeed, the central argument of this paper is to insist over the fact that India, by promoting human development and reinforcement of private sector on the one hand, and changing its “non-alignment” policy and through adopting the strategy of realism in his foreign policy in order to enhance the national interest on the other hand, has succeeded in achieving an economic mutation and becoming a major power in the world.