مواجهه فلسفي ملاصدرا با عرفان ابن‌‌عربي

The Philosophical Confrontation of Mulla Sadra with Bin Arabi’s Mysticism

بي‌‌ترديد ملّاصدرا از مكتب ابن‌‌عربي به طور گسترده‌‌اي تاثير ‌‌پذيرفته است؛ از اين رو، برخي ملّاصدرا را نه موسس يك نظام فكري كه تابع ابن‌‌عربي دانسته‌‌اند. اما در اين جستار، نخست نگاه نقادانه ملّاصدرا در نسبت با عرفان ابن‌‌عربي و فهرستي از انتقادات او بيان مي‌‌شود. سپس بيان مي‌‌شود كه مكتب فلسفي ملّاصدرا در عين پذيرش اوليه اقوال عرفاني ابن‌‌عربي، وجوه تمايزي نيز نسبت به آن دارد؛ تمايزهايي در محورِ نگرش وجودي و تنوع روشي و تاكيد بر برهان. از آن‌‌جا كه فلسفه ملّاصدرا به مثابه شبكه معرفتي مشتمل بر نگرش، مسايل، روش و هدف است، در پي دگرديسيِ برخي جنبه‌‌ها، ديگر جنبه‌‌هاي آن نيز دستخوش تغيير مي‌‌شود.

Indeed Mulla Sadra had been extensively influenced by bin Arabi’s school of thought. This is why some have considered Mulla Sadra, not as the founder of a school of thought, but as subordinate to Mulla Sadra. However, in this paper first Mulla Sadra’s critical view of bin Arabi’s mysticism and a list of his criticisms in this regard will be presented. Then it will be discussed that, though Mulla Sadra’s school of thought initially accepts bin Arabi’s mystic views, there are some differences between these two as well. These differences can be found in the existential views, diversity of methods, and emphasis that is put on logics. Moreover, since Mulla Sadra’s philosophy is like an epistemic network that includes speculation, problems, method and purpose, if some of its sides are changed other sides will also change dramatically.