پديد آورندگان :
ملكي، امجد نويسنده دانشيار گروه جغرافيا، دانشكدهي ادبيات و علوم انساني، دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه , , احمدي ، محمد نويسنده استاديار ژيومورفولوژي، دانشگاه تبريز , , ميلادي ، بهزاد نويسنده كارشناس ارشد جغرافياي طبيعي، گروه جغرافيا، دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه ,
چكيده لاتين :
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The water erosion is one of main causes of geomorphologic changes. The same erosion causes the destruction of soil grand les while the rain drops falling; it decreases the soil penetration leading to digging. The ditch erosion causes the drainage of moisture in the region, it leads to decrease the soil capability, and it causes to transfer some amount of soil. The study region is located beside Dead River in the south of Kermanshah. It is agricultural; it is by the wrinkled Zagros in the high. The goal of study is to assimilate the suitable the suitable regions for making ditch.
Methodology
After regional study, there were some layers with 90m height. Mean while, the layers of slips, the direction, the direction of regions, the slip of earth, the distance of read, thresholds and agricultural applications were produced. GPS MAP 330 was used to find the locations of ditches. The layers of place, SPI were produced by ARC GIS. It shows the weight and height of hemisphere in the threshold, and the mass of moisture. It is counted by ARC GIS as well as Accumulation sin. The slip layer of changes in the height gradian (slip of earth is vertical on the slips) as well as well as the effects of changes in the ditches have been studied. The region was examined by Google earth visually, and it classified to five including (cultivated by dry farming regions, cultivated by dry and minus dry farming, cultivated farming, cultivated by farming minus dry, jungles, and water regions). The limitation of thresholds and roads are to examine the role of distance in the linear regions of ditches. The production of lit logy layer of region shows the effects of stone materials in the ditches. Every layer was examined by place expansion, assimilation of threshold, and the statistical tests of the chi – square test.
Results and Discussion
After assimilation of layers, the results ,assimilation, weight-study were recognized by the chi-square test in the whole amounts of 8 layers there were: the vertical slip (-0/27) – (-0/06), the distance of road 2410/07-3886/12,the distance of thresholds 0-522/22, the layers of slip 1/48-3/53 degree, agricultural application .lit logy of agricultural dry farming, lime-maren were higher then the climax chief. Finally, SPI spots were meaningful, but the examined chi was less than chi in the two foresaid cases, hence SPI was accident cal conclusion.
Assimilation of capable regions of ditches is located in the moisturized regions. The morphology is whole and almost flat. Other factors accelerate them, such as lit logy, bed soil either to increase or decrease the role of morphology in the earth shapes of ditches. Whereas the earth –ship can be caused of the previous erosion, it also provides some factors to develop erosion. The development of roads can be examined in the distance of ditches as the influencing factors. on the other hands, data, and the results of SPI tests show that assimilation of capable region of ditches were examined by real data in four classes, SPI method .
Conclusion
In two slip classes, the direction approached to SPI method. In the road layer, the distance decreased. The differences were based on: 1-to update data, 2- the differences of gained data by GPS comparing with topographical map. After assimilation, the layers of map and artificial and real ditch spots of classes , and the substructures of capable ditches were affective: the role of vertical slip class (0/27) –(0/06),the distance from road 2410/07-3886/12m – the distance from thresholds 0/522/22, the slip layer, 1/48- 3/53 degree , agricultural, horizontal slip, the directions less than chi in the table, hence SPI is accident cal to exit some amount of soil from region: in the regional study of Sarfiroozabad Mahidasht, there were some ditches in the agricultural regions, there exit some amount of soil. According to table 4, the smallest, registered ditch had 10 m height, 3 m weigh, 0/5m depth, it causes 18 m2 existence of soil: the longest ditch was 401m, in 7/17m weigh, 1/47 m depth, 4229/66 m2 existence .The drainage of sub structural water: it causes cohesion in the region it influences on decreasing the sub structural , dried regions, finally it produces the economical, soeial problems in the regions, it is in the east of death region like ban lorini village.
