كارآمدي نظريه ولايت فقيه در تامين مصلحت عمومي

The Efficiency of the Theory of the Guardianship of Muslim Juristin Serving the Common Interests

يكي از مولفه هايي كه به‌منظور ارزيابي نظريه هاي سياسي مورد توجه قرار مي گيرد، نحوه مواجهه نظريه با مصالح عمومي است. مفهوم مصلحت عمومي از مولفه هايي است كه مي تواند به‌منظور ارزيابي ظرفيت نظريه هاي سياسي در باب كارآمدي سياسي مورد توجه قرار گيرد؛ كما اينكه انديشه ورزي و تاكيد فيلسوفان سياسي گوياي اين امر است. مصلحت عمومي، مساله اي است كه از دير‌باز در فلسفه سياسي، نظر پژوهشگران را به خود معطوف داشته است و امروزه نيز يكي از مباحث اصلي فلسفه سياسي به‌شمار مي آيد. اين مفهوم در عرصه عمل سياسي نيز به عنوان يك شاخص بسيار مهم در ارزيابي عملكرد گروههاي مختلفي كه به‌گونه‌اي با سياست سروكار دارند، به‌كار مي رود. تحقق مصلحت عمومي در زمره اهداف مياني حكومت اسلامي، امري است كه مورد توجه و تاكيد نظريه پردازان ولايت فقيه و محققين انديشه سياسي اسلام قرار گرفته است. مراجعه به آثار امام خميني، علامه طباطبايي، شهيد صدر و آيه الله مصباح يزدي و ديگر نظريه پردازان، ما را به اين امر مهم رهنمون مي سازد. اما همين مقدار براي تحقق چنين امر خطيري كافي به‌نظر نمي رسد و بايد در جهت نشان‌دادن عملياتي‌بودن اين تاكيدات، سازوكارهايي پيش بيني شود. در راستاي پاسخگويي به اين دغدغه، بررسي سازوكارهاي موجود در نظريه ولايت فقيه، ضروري مي‌باشد.

In order to evaluate political theories, one of the contributing factor that has to be taken into account is the way in which a theory is confronted with common interests. The concept of common interests is one of the components thatcan be taken into consideration in assessing the capacity of political theories in terms of political efficiency.The emphasis and views of the political philosophers on this issue are a case in point. Common interest is a question in political philosophy that has been for long a major concern of scholars and researchers and nowadays is considered as one of the chief questions in political philosophy. This concept is also used within the context of political activity as a very important index in evaluating the functions of various groups that are in one way or other concerned with politics. How common interests as one of the middle aims of Islamic government are safeguarded is a major concern of those who theorize on the concept of the guardianship of Muslim jurist and those who makes research on the political thought of Islam. Referring to the works of Imam Khomeini, AllamehTabatabai, Shahid Sadr and Ayatollah Mesbah Yazdi and of the other theorists on the issue in question bear evidence to this fact this issue is of utmost importance. However, in spite of all these emphases and rigorous viewpoints on this important question, much has to be done to show that there are mechanisms whereby these emphases can come to fruition. To alleviate these concerns, it seems necessary to look at the existing mechanisms in the theory of the guardianship of Muslim jurist.