عوامل موثر بر تحقق‌پذيري كاربري‌هاي پيشنهادي در طرح‌هاي هادي روستايي ايران

هر مكان روستايي با توجه به ميزان جمعيت ساكن خود، جهت پاسخگويي به نيازهاي آنان بايد عملكردها و كاربري‌هاي گوناگون را در خود داشته باشد. براي آن‌كه فعاليت‌هاي مختلف در مكان‌هاي مناسب استقرار يابد و روابط مطلوبي با همديگر داشته باشند، تدوين طرح ارزيابي كاربري زمين به‌دنبال تهيه برنامه كاربري اراضي ضروري به‌نظر مي‌رسد. هدف اين تحقيق، بررسي عوامل موثر بر تحقق‌پذيري كاربري‌هاي پيشنهادي در طرح‌هاي هادي روستايي از ديدگاه سه گروه (كارشناسان بنياد، اساتيد و مشاورين طرح‌هاي هادي) مي‌باشد. روش به‌كار رفته در اين تحقيق، فرايند تحليل سلسله مراتبي يا AHP است. به اين ترتيب از ارتباط بين اهداف، معيارها، زير معيارها و معرف‌ها يك ساختار سلسله مراتبي تهيه شده است. سپس ضريب اهميت معيارها و زير معيارها، وزن معرف‌ها و امتياز نهايي شاخص‌ها و معرف‌ها محاسبه و سازگاري منطقي قضاوت‌هاي كارشناسان مربوطه بررسي شد. مراحل ياد شده با استفاده از نرم‌ افزار Expert Choice، صورت گرفته است. دلايل تحقق‌پذيري در 5 گروه دلايل اقتصادي، اجتماعي، فضايي-كالبدي، اكولوژيك و سازماني- مديريتي مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. بر‌اساس نظرات سه گروه اساتيد دانشگاه، كارشناسان و مهندسين مشاور بنياد مسكن، شاخص مديريتي (با وزن 405/0)، اقتصادي (با وزن 3/0)، اجتماعي (با وزن 157/0)، فضايي- كالبدي (با وزن 098/0) و در نهايت شاخص اكولوژيك (با وزن 04/0) به ترتيب اولويت 1 تا 5 را در تحقق‌پذيري كاربري‌هاي پيشنهادي دريافت كرده‌اند.

Rural areas should include various functions and uses in order to fulfill the needs of their population. To establish different activities in appropriate places and favorably organize their relations with one another, it is necessary to develop a plan to evaluate the success rate of the proposed organization, thus the Land-use Plan was launched. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors effective in the realization of proposed functions in Rural Guide Plans from the perspective of three groups (the experts of The Housing Foundation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, academic scholars, and consultant engineers responsible for Rural Guide Plans). With regard to the scope of the study, this is an applied research, but in nature it is a descriptive-analytical one. Analytical Hierarchy Process or AHP was used to make carful decisions in choosing the variables effective in realization of the applications in Rural Guide Plans, while taking the relevant priority of factors into consideration. Therefore, based on the relationship between the purposes, criteria, sub-criteria and indicators, a hierarchical structure was provided. Then, the index of importance of criterions, sub-criteria, the weight of indicators, and the final scores of indexes and indicators were calculated and the logical compatibility of the expertsʹ judgment was examined. The above-mentioned process was carried out by Expert Choice Software package. The reasons for realization were examined in five groups: economic, social, spatial-physical, ecological and organizational-managerial. According to the ideas of three groups, i.e., university professors, experts and consulting engineers for the Housing Foundation of the Islamic Republic of Iran , the management index (weighing 0.405),economical index (weighing 0.3), social index (weighing 0.157) , spatial-physical index (weighing 0.098) and ecological index (weighing 0.04) respectively received the 1st to 5th priority in realization of the proposed function. Field studies on rural areas of Iran confirm that managerial issues play an important role in realization or lack of realization of suggested land use for rural plans. It also shows that in rural communities, in addition to the role of village manager in communication between organizations for allocation of these function, there are other challenges like the lack of funds, the lack opportunities for public participation, and physical restrictions in some villages for locating specific land use, etc. Among the secondary indexes effective in the realization of suggested functions, the sub-indexes of proper allocation of proposed budget (weighing 0.19), integrated management (weighing 0.14) and proper management of budget (weighing 0.08) had the highest weight. On the other hands, factors such as proper underlying map (weighing 0.01), attention to climatic condition (weighing 0.01) and communication situation (weighing 0.01) had the lowest weight. Although this research, on a quantitative level, was conducted among three groups of the statistical population, it has tried to examine the factors effective in realization of proposed land use, the study results agree with the established facts of rural areas in Iran.