بررسي فسخ نكاح از سوي زوج به سبب وجود عيب برص در زوجه

The Study of Marriage Revocation Caused by Vitiligo Affected Spouse

برص نوعي بيماري پوستي است كه باعث تغيير رنگ پوست و سفيد شدن موضعي آن مي?شود. اهميت بررسي آن در متون اسلامي، به اين دليل است كه اين بيماري در احكام فقهي و قانوني مربوط به نكاح مورد توجه قرار گرفته و يكي از عواملي است كه مي?تواند موجب فسخ عقد نكاح زوج و زوجه مي-شود. اين مقاله مطالعه?اي پژوهشي به روش تحليلي _ توصيفي درباره اين است كه چرا بعضي از فقها برص را عيب مختص به زن شمرده و گروه ديگر از عيوب مشترك دانسته?اند؟ با مراجعه به منابع فقهي و آرا فقهاي اماميه و اهل سنت و هم?چنين نظريه حقوقدانان و تجزيه و تحليل مستندات آن?ها به اين نتيجه رسيديم كه مشهور فقها اماميه و به تبع آن قانون مدني جمهوري اسلامي?ايران نيز عيب برص را مختص به زوجه دانسته و براي اثبات نظريه خود به روايات استناد نموده?اند.و هم چنين تعدادي از فقهاي اماميه و اهل سنت اين عيب را از جمله عيوب مشترك بين زن و مرد محسوب كرده?اند و اين گروه نيز براي اثبات نظريه خود به رواياتي استناد نموده?اند.

Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder in which melanocytes؛ the cells that make pigment in the skin are destroyed. As a result, white patches appear on the skin in different parts of the body. Vitiligo affects males and females of all races equally. Its study significance in Islamic texts was due to some religious prescripts in which such a disease has been considered as one of the conditions that might revoke the marriage contract of a couple in accordance with jurisprudence and legal edicts. This research was an analytic-descriptive investigation that intended to explain why some of the jurisprudents considered the vitiligo to be particularly true to women and some others took it as equally common conditions to men and women. With referring to jurisprudence references, Shiite and Sunni prescripts and religious decrees jurisprudents and lawyers doctrines and analyzing their documentations , it was concluded that famous Shiite jurisprudents and consequently the Islamic Republic of Iran civil laws considered the vitiligo to be particularly true to women. To prove their points of view they discussed and invoked the hadith, a record of the words and deeds of the Prophet of Islam and Imams of the Shiite. Some other of Shiite and the Sunni jurisprudents also took the vitiligo as the equally common conditions to men and women . They cited the hadith to justify their prescripts too.