بررسي دوازده اصل بازيگري در انيميشن

The Study of 12 Basic Principles in Acting for Animation

چكيده بازيگر از اركان هنرهاي نمايشي به شمار مي آيد. بخش مهمي از توليد احساس درامات كي و انتقال آن به بيننده بر عهده بازيگر است. بينندگان و دوستداران فيلم نيز بيشتر از هر عنصر ديگري با بازيگران ارتباط برقرار ميك‌نند. نظام ستار هسازي به عنوان كيي از موفق ترين نظام هاي اقتصادي هاليوود بر همين اساس شكل گرفته است. بدين خاطر همواره مسايل گوناگوني در مورد بازيگري در سينما و تياتر مطرح است. اما در حوزه انيميشن اين مقوله همواره مهجور واقع شده است. آيا همه آنچه كه در مورد بازيگري انيميشن لازم مي نمايند، در بازيگري سينما و تياتر گفته شده اند؟ البته چنين نيست. گرچه بازيگري در سينما و تياتر و انيميشن مشتركات زيادي دارد، اما از آنجا كه همه اين هنرها ويژگي هاي منحصر به فرد و خاص خود را دارند، بازيگري نيز از اين قاعده مستثني نيست. به عبارت ديگر، بازيگري در هر كي از اين هنرها داراي ويژگي هايي است. البته هدف اين مقاله بررسي اختلافات موجود ميان بازيگري در انيميشن مقايسه آن با سينما و تياتر نيست بلكه در نظر دارد كه اصول بازيگري در انيميشن را كه گاه با سينما و تياتر مشترك است و گاه نيز متفاوت تب يين كند. به خاطر فقدان رويه واحد در خصوص بازيگري انيميشن، نگارنده سعي دارد با استناد به نظريه ها و رهيافت هاي متخصصان هنر انيميشن، به اصولي دست يابد كه براساس آنها بتوان يكفيت بهتري را در بازيگري فيل مهاي انيميشن شكل داد و به وجود آورد.

Abstract Actor is a key component of theatrical Arts. Producing and transforming the dramatic senses is among the most important things which should be done by actors. The relationship between the viewers and actors is more immediate. As an example, Hollywood ‘star system’ is one of the most successful tools for making powerful the Hollywood economy. So there are many things to be said about acting in cinema and theatre, but the acting for character animation in real world means what? Although the author knows the means acting in general, but acting style is a different thing from animation. By the way, the author is not going to discuss about acting styles for animation, compared with cinema or theatre. However he intends to determine the characteristics of acting style for animation which can either be similar to each other or different ones. Due to lack of unanimity in this area and according to present theories and documents, the author tries to achieve the basic principles of acting which are vital for a good animation. Therefore, he has gathered of the quotes relating to acting styles for animation which are found throughout history. And finally, he is going to define specific rules and regulations for acting styles for animation, using the mentioned quotes. At the end, certain major features of acting style for animation that will be discussed in this article are as follows: 1- The character consists of feeling. He should think first and then act. 2- Acting is just showing up your reaction. 3- Actor for character animation should be as a directed purpose. 4- The character should always move from an action to another. 5- A conflict is always expected in any scene of animation. 6- The audience should always feel similarity in nature with the character of animation. 7- Each action consists of a move. 8- The move of a character should be accompanied by beats and timing. 9- Some natural mistakes should be recognizable in acting for animation. 10- The criterion to recognize a good acting style in animation is the man himself. 11- Movement coordination, body style and characterization should be included in acting. 12- Exaggeration in acting and camera movements should be noticed in acting style in animation