پديد آورندگان :
عادل، شهاب الدين نويسنده استاديار دانشگاه هنر، استان تهران، شهر تهران Adel, Shahabeddin , حيدري، حسين نويسنده كارشناس ارشد سينما، دانشگاه تهران، استان تهران، شهر تهران Heidari, Hosein , حسيني سنگتراشاني، سيد بهنام نويسنده كارشناس ارشد سينما، دانشگاه هنر، استان تهران، شهرتهران S.B. Hosseini Sangtarashani, Seyed behnam
كليدواژه :
خط داستاني , روايت شبكه اي فيلم , روايت فيلم , ساختار زماني نو , نقطه ديد , زمان روايت
چكيده فارسي :
چكيده
ساختار زماني نو و به ويژه روايت شبك هاي فيلم در سينما، شيوه اي براي بيان روايت داستان فيلم است كه با
دستكاري در ساختار زماني خطي روايت فيلم، تماشاگران را با ساختن دوباره فيلم در ذه نشان به تعامل
با آن وامي دارد. كارگردان اين دسته از فيلم ها، با ارايه داستان هاي پيچيده يا ايجاد پيچيدگي در زمان روايت،
نوعي از سينماي انديشمندانه و تفكر برانگيز را خلق ميك‌ند. رويكرد نظري اين تحقيق بر پايه انديشه هاي دو
نظريه پرداز شهير حوزه روايت در سينما ژرار ژنت و ديويد بوردول استوار است. ژنت در مبحث استراتژي
روايت به مفهوم كانون يشدگي در روايت مي پردازد كه به معناي ادراك بصري و حتي مفاهيم كل يتري از
ادراك است، و در هر لحظه دامنه اطلاعات روايت به يكي از شخصيت هاي داستان كانوني يا متمركز م يشود؛
در حالي كه رويكرد بوردول بيشتر ساختاري است. او در نظريه پردازي اش كه نوعي پويتيكاي سينمايي است،
روايت شبك هاي و زمينه هاي تاريخي پيدايش آن را تشريح ميك‌ند. روش اين تحقيق برپايه مقاله هاي استادان
و نظريه پردازان متاخر در حوزه روايت استوار است و در آن كوشش شده است كه در هر مبحث، ضمن ارايه
كلياتي درباره موضوع بحث، نمونه فيلم با تشريح ساختار آن ارايه گردد. در مجموع، نتايج حاصل از طرح اين
مسيله كه چگونه روايت شبكه اي فيلم توانسته است تاثيري گسترده بر خلق سينماي انديشمند معاصر بگذارد،
مورد توجه قرار مي گيرد
چكيده لاتين :
Abstract
New temporal structure, especially in two recent decades, is a method to articulate the narration of
film story, in which storytelling uses game or manipulates in film temporal structure, challenges or
interacts with film audiences to participate in film remaking in their mind or final interpretation. Actually,
directors, of these films present complex stories or create complication in time to tend especial
intellectual spectator and create a kind of thoughtful pondering cinema. One of these films, New
temporal structure, named Network Narrative in which director intends to present single or multiple
stories from the point of view of multiple characters telling through the film, represented different
conception of reality or similarities of an event of multiple stories from the POV of multiple characters
via these differences or similarities accomplishes to make culture on the issue of globalization of
human worlds. On the other hands, this is a kind of extension of human knowledge to the outer space,
makes, thus, network of humans have the similar destinies. Actually, another film of this kind, new
temporal structure, named puzzle or mind-game complex narrative films. This extension of human
thought is to the inner space of human mind to represent their dreams, hallucinations, memories, and
thoughts. New temporal structure, is an answer to the millennium films in two recent decades or a
reaction against the extreme extension of human relations in the realm of knowledge, culture, science,
economy, etc. therefore, at the beginning of new millennium, a group similar destiny for human beings
have been created. Theoretical approach to this research is on the base of thoughts of two famous
theoricians of narrative discourse, Gerard Genette & David Bordwell. The former debates on the
strategy of narrative discourse to the focalization of narrative in which he means visual concepts and
even total conceptions of the concept every time and focalizes area of narrative information to one
of the fiction characters, whereas the latter’s approach is more constructive or structural. He debates
about it in the Poetics of Cinema’s and analyses Network Narrative and historical basis of creation in
movies. In an essay called Mutual Friends and Chronologies of Chance of Poetics of Cinema, he has
explained the kinds of Network Narrative, and has exemplified and analyzed some of the important
movies made by NN. He believes that ‘Narration Makes Networks’. Narration of each film, in coaxing
us to build the story world a particular way, must expose the relationships among the characters. In
a network tale, the narration does this with an elaborateness seldom seen in the more ordinary movie.
The narrations should often reveal connections, anticipate and conceal them too. More evidently, the
narration of a movie must show how characters are separated by a few links. Network Narrative film
as a New Temporal Structure can reveal and anticipate connections by employing unrestricted narration,
skipping and back and forth among people and places. On the other hands, method of research in
this essay is surveying on the base of other masters and theoricians in this field and the related ones, in
which each one of courses is accomplished to the special subjects and analysis of instance film made
by Network Narrative
