تحليلي بر بناي مصلّاي شهر رشت

Analysis of the Building of Mosalla (Public Prayer Place) in Rasht City

نقد آثار معماري از مقوله هايي است كه قدمت چنداني ندارد و در زمره نقدهاي آينده نگر سازند هاي جاي مي گيرد كه مي تواند در تغييرات مثبت شيوه هاي طراحي موثر باشد . بركشيدن وجوه مثبت اثر معماري و بازخوانش خصوصيات مطلوب طرح از روش هايي است كه نقد اثر معماري را فرامي خواند. از مهم ترين وظايف نقدهاي متداول در اين عرصه گسترش درك و فهم بهتر فضا، تمييز خوب و بد و قضاوت در اثر معماري و نيز ارتقاي طرح ها به دنبال حمايت و اصلاح و بهسازي راهكارهاي طراحي در خلق فضاي مطلوب تر است. در اين مقاله، كه بر پايه تحقيق توصيفي تحليلي و با روش مطالعه كتابخانه اي و بررسي هاي ميداني انجام پذيرفته، ابتدا مروري بر اهداف نقد بناي معماري صورت گرفته است . بخش اصلي مقاله به بيان خصوصيات مصلّاي شهر رشت مي پردازد و از حيث نقد تفسيري، در واقع اين بنا را به چالش مي كشد. در پايان نوشتار به برشمردن وجوه مثبت و منفي اثر، با اين هدف كه از مزاياي نقد در تقويت شيوه هاي مناسب طراحي در آينده استفاده گردد، پرداخته شده است . افزون بر اين ها، جنبه هايي از طراحي بناي مصلّي كه تاثيري ماندگار در ذهن مخاطب بر جاي مي نهند، از وجوهي كه از مطلوب بودن فضا مي كاهند، متمايز شده اند.

Criticism of the architectural works, which are not very old, is one of the constructive forward looking critics that may be effective in positive changes of design methods. Determination of the positive aspects of an architectural work and the statement of the project proper specifications are the methods requiring architectural work criticism. Some of the most important duties of the common critics in this domain are the extension of better perception and understanding of the space, discrimination of the good and bad, and the judgment in relation to the architectural work and also the promotion of the project following to supporting, amendment, and the optimization of the designing approaches in creation of a more desirable space. In this article, which has been performed on the basis of descriptive- analytic research and with library study method and field investigations, at first, we reviewed the aims of criticism of the architectural works and then interpretive (hermeneutic) criticism, i.e. the criticism method used in critization of the building of Mosalla (Public Prayer Place) in Rasht City, was mentioned briefly. The main part of the article is related to the statement of the specifications of the building of Mosalla (Public Prayer Place) in Rasht City that has challenged the building with a view to interpretive (hermeneutic) criticism. At the end part of the article, the positive and negative aspects of the work were mentioned with the aim of using the criticism advantages in strengthening of proper methods of design in the future. Also some aspects of designing of the building of Mosalla (Public Prayers Place), which had lasting effects on individualsʹ mind, have been distinguished from those aspects, which decrease the space desirability. At all, the whole all points of design review obtained from criticism do not have equal value in peopleʹs mind and all people do not have the same view against the building. On the strength of looking forward for durability and public acceptance of a building, if it is tried to decrease the negative aspects, attractiveness of the architectural work increases and therefore, the quality of the designed spaces will be improved. But with a focus on the large number of the positive or negative aspects of an architectural work, the building is considered as qualified or unqualified for attractiveness in peopleʹs minds. In relation to the building of Mosalla, the positive aspects were more than the negative ones that caused acceptance and attractiveness of this architectural work in one of the main areas’ of the city.