ارزيابي شاخص هاي پايداري در محلات فرسوده شهر اسدآباد با بهره گيري از ضريب ناموزون موريس

Assessment of sustainability indexes in deteriorated precincts of asadabad by using mouriss disproportionate coefficient

رشد روز افزون جمعيت شهرها و گرايش به شهرنشيني و محدوديت اراضي شهري به خصوص اراضي با كاربري مسكوني از يك سو و بروز مشكلات متعددي نظير: گره هاي ترافيكي، آلودگي هاي گوناگون، شبكه هاي دسترسي نامطلوب در مراكز شهرها و بافت هاي فرسوده از ديگر سو ضرورت پرداختن به موضوع احيا و باز زنده سازي بافت هاي فرسوده را هم به لحاظ كالبدي و هم بعد اقتصادي كه گوياي نسبي بودن يا كامل بودن فرسودگي بافت ها مي باشد را بيش از پيش نموده است. يكي از جديدترين و مناسبت ترين روش ها براي سنجش وضعيت بافت هاي فرسوده و مسيله دار شهري و همچنين شناسايي نقاط قوت و ضعف آنها، احيا اين بافت ها بر اساس نظريه توسعه پايدار شهري و شاخص هاي شهر پايدار مي باشد. ليكن سنجش وضعيت پايداري محلات فرسوده از چالش هاي اصلي بحث در اين پژوهش مي باشد. لذا از آن جايي كه نبود معيارهاي مشخص و معين براي سنجش ميزان پايداري همواره يكي از مشكلات در پژوهش هايي اين چنيني است، سعي شده است مهمترين شاخص ها و معيارهاي پايداري كه قابل استنتاج از داده هاي پرسش نامه اي باشد تعريف گردد. بدين منظور چند شاخص مهم و اصلي كه تبيين كننده وضعيت كالبدي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و زيست محيطي محلات ده گانه فرسوده شهر اسدآباد باشد در نظر گرفته شده است. سپس با استفاده از روش مطالعه تطبيقي و بر اساس ضريب ناموزوني موريس، به هر يك از محلات مذكور وزن مناسب داده مي شود و ميزان مطلوبيت آنها سنجيده مي گردد. نتايج به دست آمده حكايت از تفاوت هاي فاحش در شاخص هاي مختلف پايداري محلات فرسوده شهر اسدآباد دارد.

Extended Abstract Introduction Old neighborhoods that once used to be a major part of cities and were considered as the identity of cities are now facing the problem of natural disaster relief operations partly due to low economic power of the inhabitants of such neighborhoods, partly due to the physical ineffectiveness and the decreasing resistance of the buildings, and partly due to the unsuitability of streets during some failures in streets. This has gained the attention of most urban planners and managers. Therefore, because of the cultural, social and economic values embedded in such old neighborhoods especially in city centre, there remains no solution except rebuilding and rehabilitating such spaces. However, during such rebuildings and rehabilitations, we should not ignore to maintain the historical and cultural sights of such places which are known as our national and cultural values from the past and are known and listed in our cultural and national inheritance. Research Methodology The method used in the present study is a mixed method of field study and descriptive study with and applied and comparative approach. First, the most important reliability estimates (stability indicators) and standards especially for old and challenging civil neighborhoods are defined using library and field research, based on which 17 major indicatos of physical, economic, social and environmental indicators are specified. Next, since a questionnaire was needed to be used to collect the intended data , the questionnaire was designed and distributed to collect the intended data from various neighborhoods. The data were then entered and classified using Microsoft Excel Software. Later, the data were analyzed with GIS, Excel, and SPSS to investigate the various reliability estimates (stability indicators) in the ten old neighborhoods of Asadabad City using Moris zonation technique and a comparative study between these neighborhoods. Results The scope under study in the present study is the old neighborhoods of Asadabad City. This neighborhoods is located in the central and western parts of the city, which include the old neighborhoods and some parts of the unofficial and marginal zones of the city. Its area is 162 hectares , it composes about 20% of the city area and it includes 12000 people. This neighborhoods also includes 10 neighborhoods by the name of Posht-jahad, Heidarvand, Khakriz, Sarvir, Seidan, Ghalebala, Kashani, Kuy-e-bazar, Mahmoudbeigi, and Meidan. Conclusion The growing increase of urban population as well as the tendency for urbanization especially in residential-registered land on one hand, and the emergence of various problems like traffic, different kinds of pollution, undesirable access networks in the centers and old tissues of cities on the other hand have all necessitated more attention towards the issue of rehabilitation and reconstruction of the old tissues because of both physical and economical factors which are the determiners of the relativity or completeness of old tissues. One of the most suitable and the newest methods for assessment of urban deteriorated area and identifying their advantages and disadvantages is the revive these contexts based on urban sustainable developmental theory and indexes of sustainability city. The assessment of sustainability of deteriorated precincts is one of the main challenges in this research. Therefore due to lack of specific criteria for assessing the rate of sustainability such researches are faced with difficulties and it has been tried to define the most important indexes and sustainability criteria resulting from questionnaire data. So, seventeen main indexes has been considered to express physical, economical, social and environmental situation of the deteriorated tenfold of precincts of asadabad city. Then by using comparative studying method and based on mouriss disproportionate coefficient, proper weigh is given to each mentioned precincts and the rate of their desirability is assessed. The results show egregious difference in different sustainability indexes of deteriorated precincts of asadabad city.