تحليل اثرات خانه هاي دوم بر ساختار روستاهاي توريستي ازنظر جامعه ميزبان (مطالعه موردي روستاي برسه، شهرستان تنكابن)

Analysis of Socio-Economic and Physical Environmental Effects of Second Home Construction in Tourism Villages, Based on Host Community point of view (Case Study: Barase Village - Tonkabon Township)

ساخت خانه هاي دوم به عنوان يكي از نمودهاي توجه گردشگران به روستاها مي باشد، كه غالباً با هدف گذران اوقات فراغت در نواحي روستايي بنا مي شوند. اين مقاله در صدد است به تحليل اثرات خانه هاي دوم بر ساختار روستاي توريستي برسه در شهرستان تنكابن از نظر جامعه ميزبان در ابعاد اقتصادي، اجتماعي و كالبدي- محيطي بپردازد. روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي و جمع آوري اطلاعات و داده هاي مورد نياز از طريق مطالعات كتابخانه اي، منابع اسنادي، پيمايشي و تكميل پرسش نامه بدست آمده و از طريق نرم افزار SPSS مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفته است. نتايج بررسي نشان داد ميانگين پاسخ هاي بدست آمده از فاكتورهاي مورد بررسي اقتصادي، اجتماعي و كالبدي- محيطي كمتر از ميانه نظري است، كه نشان مي دهد رضايت جامعه ميزبان از حد متوسط پايين تر است و با توجه به سطح معناداري محاسبه شده در ناحيه آلفاي 05/0 كه برابر با 000/0 مي باشد مي توان ادعا نمود توافق معناداري در اين زمينه بين پاسخ گويان وجود دارد. مهم ترين پيامدهاي مثبت خانه هاي دوم افزايش فرصت شغلي، افزايش فروش توليدات محلي، بهبود وضع خيابان و خدمات روستايي، بازسازي خانه هاي قديمي بوده است و پيامدهاي منفي آن افزايش قيمت زمين و مسكن، تبديل باغات كشاورزي به باغات خانگي، افزايش مالكيت افراد غير بومي بر زمين و مسكن روستا، تخريب چشم انداز روستايي و افزايش ساخت و ساز است.

Extended Abstract Introduction The second home is one of the reasons that tourists notice to villages. Also, those often built because of spending leisure time in rural areas. The second home phenomenon is growing in developing countries rapidly. Also, it is a respond to rural crises that caused by change in agricultural methods. In addition, this phenomenon augmented by the climatic and geographic differences, Rural and urban migration, Environmental Pollution, Population and overcrowding in cities, improve of way communications, Increase the benefit of personal car. Over all, developing of such kind of tourism has social, economical and environmental consequences. Research Methodology The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of second home on tourism rural structure of Baraseh village in Tonkabon Township. This study focused on economic, social and physical environment aspects. The descriptive analytic research method was based on documental library studies, documental resources, finding fields and questionnaire surveying. Results The results indicated that the host community satisfaction was less than average, in economic domain, social and physical-environment factors. In this study accounted significant level of alpha 0.05 considered and it was equal to 0.000.this result shows that there is significant agreement between answers. The most important positive outcomes were an increase in job opportunities, sale of local products, improvement in the quality of the services and villageʹs streets and reconstruction of the old houses and reconstruction. The negative consequences are increasing of land and house price, Conversion agricultural gardens to home gardens , increasing of the non-Native ownership of rural land and housing, destroying the rural landscape and the higher construction rate. Conclusion Tourist attractions in potential regions provide an opportunity to develop rural areas, especially tourism villages, which provide people for relaxation and comfort on one hand and on the other hand have deep consequences for the towns themselves and brings opportunities as well as dangers for rural societies. Tourism and second home construction in Berse rural area is Spontaneous and it has no predetermined plan. In fact, it has negative and positive consequences.