طرح تاسيس بانك ملي در نخستين دوره مجلس شوراي ملي؛ ضرورت ها و موانع (1324-1326هـ.ق)

پس از پيروزي انقلاب مشروطيت زمينه هاي شكل گيري نهادهاي نوين فراهم شد. يكي از مولفه هاي اصلي اين نهادها، آشنايي مردم با حقوق سياسي و اجتماعي خود بود. لذا تشكيل مجلس و نهادهاي سياسي و مدني در ولايات ايران، ضرورت استقلال سياسي و اقتصادي كشور را آشكار نمود. طرح تاسيس بانك ملي، به عنوان يكي از دغدغه هاي مهم نمايندگان مجلس، در راستاي صيانت از مباني و اساس اقتصاد كشور صورت گرفت. يافته هاي پژوهش حاكي از اينست كه چندين عامل مهم ضرورت شكل گيري بانك ملي را نزد نمايندگان مجلس تبيين مي‌كرد، كه از آن جمله مي‌توان به مشكلات اوليه مالي و اقتصادي و سيطره بيگانگان بر حيات اقتصادي كشور اشاره نمود. اين جريان، با موانع و مشكلات بسياري همراه شد؛ چنان كه فقدان علم و سواد توده مردم، نبود تجربه كافي، عدم امنيت سرمايه گذاري و غيره از موانع عمده شكست طرح اوليه بانك ملي بود. روش تحقيق در اين جستار توصيفي? تحليلي است.

After the victory of constitution revolution, the context became ready for creating new institutions. One of the main elements of these institutions was making people familiar with their social and political rights. Thus establishment of parliament and political and social institutions in Iran clarified the necessity of political and economic independence. As one of the major concerns of Parliament, The plot for the establishment of National Bank, executed in order to preserve the fundamentals of the economy of thecountry. Research findings indicate that several important factors explained the necessity of formation of the National Bank for prliamentarians, including basic financial problems and foreign domination over economic life of country. Although this process was associated with many obstacles and difficulties; as lack of knowledge and education of the masses, lack of experience, lack of investment security, and etc was some of the main reasons for failure of the original plan of the National Bank. The method In this research is descriptive-analytical. Keywords: Constitutional Revolution, National Parliament, National Bank, Economic independence, Political independence.