پديد آورندگان :
ولي، عباسعلي نويسنده دانشيار دانشكده منابع طبيعي، دانشگاه كاشان , , مختاري، فرشته نويسنده , , معيري، مسعود نويسنده , , اميني، عباس نويسنده ,
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth. A key impact when mining and typically comes after it, As follows Earth Summit, problems with discarding and waste management, pulp mining, Environmental impacts of mining operations, such as explosions, damage to land, noise, traffic problems and problems with water quality and mine rebuilding.
Many studies in the field of mining and environmental degradation has negative consequences. (Azari and Radaee, 1389; Gerami and Soltani, 1389; Hafezi et al, 1387; Kamkar, 1384, Amini ,1375). Ignatius (2009) studied the effects of anthropogenic mining has on the environment in Nigeria. Nawz et al (2004) investigated the impact of mining on geomorghology using GIS and remote sensing techniques to study the changes induced by mining deals. Skalos and kasparova (2011) stated that identified and determine the normal and abnormal land scape may be with the concept of physical storage land scape. modabberi and Moore (2004) in a study, examined impact of mining activity in important gold mine in iran . Haley (2003), In an article entitled urgent need for protection of coastal landscapes of New Zealand has introduced threats to the coastal landscapes. Zpanska and Tvardvska (1999) studied Environmental impact of coal mining activities in range Avprsaylsa in the country of Poland. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of mining operations on the property land scape geomorphological and offering compatible model mining consistent with geomorghological stable of land scape.
The study area, Mines Lashotor in the South East of Isfahan between latitude 43 26 ? 32 north and longitude 05 48 ? 51 East is located 15 kilometers from the city BAHARESTAN.
2- Methodology
In this article AHP model that are one of the MADM techniques efficient and Founded Based on Paired comparisons and Has been used Allows Managers Evaluate different scenarios. TOPSIS is one of the most common and widely used methods among the methods of MADM that is based options distance from the positive ideal solution and negative ideal.
3– Discussion
In this study,it has been identified the most important criteria influencing in degradate geomorphological landscape caused by mining activities that 8 The degradation factor are: Removal of ore, the destruction of vegetation, the surface affected by roads to mine, the surface of destruction the scope accordance with mining operation, the slopes opposed with mining that waste accumulated on the steep slope, the slope agrees with the mining operation and economic – social criteria. All criteria were measured using Google Earth software and satellite imagery and. Using VIKOR, was used 4 standard view of the city, view of the road,distance from town and the distance from the road, are calculated the economic – social criteria. In this study, the AHP method was used the weighting to measure for this purpose was used Expert Choice 2000 software. Then, using of standard weight VIKOR model obtained weight socio – economic criteria for each of the 6 positions. Since it is the ultimate goal of providing a spatial model of landscape degradation are presented 3 different scenarios for measures 8 items. In each scenario is different weight of the criteri based on target and therefore in each scenario are presented several results That these results can be used in areas where the mining operation. Under any scenario, we will see different representations of the 6 positions in each area will be different prioritization based on importance each criteria
In the first scenario, which is considered degraded landscapes geomorphological are prioritized criteria in the following order. the destruction of lamdscape, the surface of destruction the scope accordance, the destruction of vegetation, the surface affected by roads to mine, Removal of ore, the slope agrees with the mining operation, he slopes opposed with mining, economic – social criteria.
After the TOPSIS steps to reach values between 0 and 1 that the value is close to 1 , would be represents a desirable or undesirable, depending on how you interpret the profit or loss.
The second scenario is considered in terms of environmental, prioritization criteria in order of importance:
the destruction of vegetation, the surface affected by roads to mine, Removal of ore, economic – social criteria, the destruction of lamdscape, the surface of destruction the scope accordance, the slope agrees with the mining operation, the slopes opposed with mining,
order of importance 8 criteria in the three scenario that is considered location of mining is as follows:
Removal of ore, the slope agrees with the mining operation, the slopes opposed with mining, the surface affected by roads to mine, the surface of destruction the scope accordance, the destruction of lamdscape, the destruction of vegetation.
4– Conclusion
Since in the first scenario is considered impaired land scape due to the results obtained, is a priority position 6 high rates of degration. position 3 is also slightly different, with high degration. Other locations are ranked thus : position 4, position 5, position 1 and position 2.
It follows from the results of the second scenario, the position 6 of the most environmental damage has Other positions of environmental degradation are ranking thus: position 5, position 4, position 3, position 1 and position 2.
In the the three scenario, position 3 despite of the landscape and environmental degradation is the best area the mining. Position 6 is in good condition for mining. positions 5, 4, 2 and 1 are considered the second and third.
