جايگاه شريعت در انديشه اخلاقي مسكويه

The Status of Sharia in Moral Thought of Miskawayh

ابوعلي مسكويه از دانشمندان مهم در تاريخ انديشه اسلامي است و سامان يافتن اخلاق فلسفي مرهون تلاش‌هاي اوست. وجه تمايز او با بسياري از فيلسوفان و انديشمندان، مشاركت جدي او در فعاليت‌هاي سياسي و اجتماعي زمان خود است كه حضور در عرصه‌هاي حكومتي بر انديشه او موثر بوده است؛ تا جايي كه مشكل اساسي جوامع و حكومت‌ها را عدم توجه به تهذيب نفس و اخلاق دانست و به همين دليل همت خويش را صرف مباحث اخلاقي كرد. اين نوشتار در پي آن است كه نشان دهد مسكويه تا چه اندازه به شريعت توجه داشته و آيا او به عنوان فيلسوفي مسلمان، نظريات خويش را در چهارچوب شريعت ارايه نموده است يا خير؟ بررسي تاليفات او نشان مي‌دهد دغدغه اصلي او توجه به شريعت و آموزه‌هاي وحياني بوده است.

Abu Ali Miskawayh is among important scholars in the history of Islamic thought. He played an important role in organization of philosophical ethics. What distinguished him from other philosophers and thinkers is his serious participation in political and social activities in his days, which had a remarkable influence on his thought so that he regarded as the main problem of governments and communities the negligence of self-purification and morality. That is why Miskawayh concerned himself to discuss moral issues. This article is to show how important Sharia was in his thought and whether or not he as a Muslim philosopher speculated in context of Sharia. On surveying his works one can clearly see that his main concern was to draw attention to Sharia and revealed doctrines.