تجلي خداي گفتگو در كاربرد قرآني «قُل»

The Qurʹʹanic Application of "Say" (kul) and its Theological Foundation

گونه‌اي از خطاب قرآن، خطاب با قل است كه 332 بار آمده است. چنين خطابي ساختار شش‌بخشي دارد و از حيث پيام قل، فراپيام و مخاطب آن گوناگون است. كاربرد قل در آيات مكي بيش از آيات مدني است. تناسب بين پيام و مخاطب آن و رصد كردن فراپيام و نيز جستجو از سرّ كاربرد قرآني قل مسايل تحقيق حاضر است. خطاب قل، بر حسب مخاطب آن پيام، مضمون‌هاي گوناگوني از مسايل فقهي و اخلاقي مومنان تا پاسخ به اشكال‌ها و خرده‌گيري‌هاي يهود، كافران، مشركان و منافقان دارد. خطاب با قل فضاي گفتگوي نزديك خدا و انسان را ترسيم مي‌كند. ترويج فضاي گفتگوي نزديك بر اصول اخلاقي و مباني كلامي استوار است. مهمترين مبناي كلامي آن، نظريه اسلامي اوصاف باري‌تعالي بويِژه سه صفت سميع، بصير و مكلّم بودن را است. اين سه صفت را مي‌توان در تعبير جامع خداي گفتگو جمع كرد. اين ديدگاه، فرضيه‌هاي ديگر، چون خطاب تشريف و تاكيد رد انگاره بشري بودن قرآن نيز فرا مي‌گيرد.

A particular type of address in the Holy Qur’an is the address with the imperative "say" which occurs 332 times in it. Such an address consists of six parts and possesses a variety from the viewpoint of the message of "say" beyond message and its audience. The application of "say" is more in Meccan verses than that of Medinan verses. The present research deals with the coherence between the message and its audience, an analysis of its wider message and also an inquiry into the Quranic usage of "say" The address of "say" according to the message of its audience, comprises various issues relating jurisprudence and ethics of the believers so that it can respond to the problems and rationalism of the Jews, unbelievers, polytheists and hypocrites. The discourse on "say" expresses an atmosphere of intimate dialogue between God and man. Promoting an atmosphere of intimate dialogue rests on the principles of ethics and the foundations of theology. The most important theological foundation of it is the Islamic doctrine of the attributes of God in particular three attributes of hearing, seeing and speaking. We can collate these three attributes in the interpretation of all God-dialogues. This perspective embraces other hypotheses like the "noble address" and the emphasis of the denial of human-making of the Quran foundations of theology. The most important theological foundation of it is the Islamic doctrine of the attributes of God in particular three attributes of hearing, seeing and speaking. We can collate these three attributes in the interpretation of all God-dialogues. This perspective embraces other hypotheses like the "noble address" and the emphasis of the denial of human-making of the Quran.