وحدت حقه حقيقه حق‌تعالي در انديشه ديني و فلسفي علامه طباطبايي

The Real and Right Unity of God in the Religious and Philosophical Thought of Allamah Tabatabaʹʹi

چكيده واحد يا حقيقي است يا غيرحقيقي. واحد حقيقي، يا ذاتي است كه متصف به وحدت است و يا ذاتي است كه عين وحدت است؛ به نحوي كه فرض تكثر در آن محال است و اين، واحد به وحدت حقه حقيقيه است كه غير از وحدت عددي است. در انديشه ديني و فلسفي علامه طباطبايي، از طرفي وحدت عددي از حق تعالي نفي گرديده است؛ زيرا وحدت عددي مستلزم محدوديت واحد است و از طرف ديگر، وحدت حقه حقيقيه براي حق تعالي اثبات شده است؛ به اين معنا كه در ذات حق سبحان، وحدت، عين ذات بوده و واحد و وحدت يك چيز است؛ از اين رو هيچ گونه كثرتي را در ذات متعالي او نمي توان فرض كرد و احدي الذات بوده و در خارج و عقل و وهم انقسام نمي پذيرد. اين نوشتار در صدد نشان دادن تطابق نظر ديني و نظر فلسفي در مسيله وحدت حقه حقيقيه حق تعالي در انديشه علامه طباطبايي است. اين مقصود به شيوه تركيبي انجام گرفته است. واژگان كليدي: وحدت، وحدت عددي، وحدت حقيقيه، وحدت حقه حقيقيه.

The Real and Right Unity of God in the Religious and Philosophical Thought of Allamah Tabatabaʹi Mohammad-Ali Ardestani* The One is either real or unreal. The real One is either an essence attributed to unity or it is an essence identical with unity such that it is impossible to imagine plurality in it and this One has a real and right unity – which is different from numerical unity. In his religious and philosophical thought, Allamah Tabatabaʹi denies the numerical unity of God on the one hand – because numerical unity leads to some restrictions for the One – and proves the real and right unity of God on the other hand; which means that in Godʹs essence, unity is identical with essence and the One and the united are identical. Therefore no plurality may be supposed in His supreme essence; his essence is the absolute One and may not be divided in the outside world, in mind and reason and in conjecture. I will show, in this article that Allamah Tabatabaʹiʹs religious thought corresponds with his philosophical thought in the subject of Godʹs real and right unity. I have followed this purpose with a combinational method. Key expressions: unity, numerical unity, real unity, real and right unity.