چكيده لاتين :
اكثر محققاني كه تفاوتهاي زباني جنسيـتها را مورد مطالعه قرار دادهاند، معتقدند كه زنان در مقايسه با مردان صحيحتر از زبان استفاده ميكنند. تاكنون تحقيقات بسياري در اين زمينه صورت گرفتهاست تا چگونگي تاثيرگذاري عوامل جامعه شناختي همچون آموزش و سن در استفاده از واژههاي تابو را نشان دهد. هدف اصلي اين تحقيق بررسي رفتارهاي زباني گويشوران فارسي زبان تهراني است با تمركز بر تفاوتهاي نوع واژههاي تابو و بسامد استفاده از آنها، تاثيرات بافت اجتماعي بر انتخاب چنين واژههايي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. روش تحقيق بر اساس بررسي مجموعهاي از واژههاي تابو در سه بافت كاربردي مختلف بود( فقط زنان، فقط مردان، بافت مختلط) و 15 واژه تابو از ميان پاسخهاي افراد مورد پرسش انتخاب گرديد.
نتايج بررسي نشان داد كه مردان بيش از زنان از واژههاي تابو استفاده ميكنند. مردان از واژههاي تابوي خاصي استفاده ميكنند و كاربرد واژههاي تابو خاص مردان، در زنان و مردان سنين بالاتر كمتر مشاهده شد. همچنين تحقيقات نشان داد كه زنان تحصيل كرده سعي ميكنند مودبانهتر صحبت كنند. واژههاي تابو خاص مردان در هر دو گروه سني هنگام خطاب به مردان مورد استفاده قرار ميگيرد.
Most researchers who have studied differences between the genders in language usage believe that women use language more correctly than men. For this reason, it has been argued that the use of taboo words cannot be considered as a quality of female speech. A considerable amount of research is carried out to see whether sociolinguistic factors, such as education and age, affect the use of taboo words.
The main objective of the present study is to investigate different linguistic behaviors in Tehrani Persian-speakers, with a focus on the differences in the applications of types of taboo words, the frequency of their usage, the effects of social context on the choice of such words, the addressee, and the incentives for or inhibitions on the use of taboo words. Three main variables were in focus: gender, two age groups (19-29 & 30-40), and education. The methodology consisted of the collection of taboo words which were later used in three different contexts (exclusively female, exclusively male, and combined context). Fifteen taboo words were selected from recorded cassettes and included in the questionnaires.
The findings demonstrated that: men use more taboo words than women; there exists a specific taboo word for men, and that both men and women at higher age use male specific taboos less frequently. The findings also showed that women with higher education attempt to be more polite, and that selection of typical addressees for using male-specific taboos is done discriminately in both age groups in males, who use them when addressing males.