بررسي سينتيكي و تركيبات مياني ناشي از حذف اسيد اورانژ 7 به وسيله فرايند هيبريدي ازن زني/فتوكاتاليستي

Investigation of kinetic and intermediate products of acid orange7 removal by hybrid ozonation/photocatalytic processes

اگر چه دو فرايند ازن زني و فتوكاتاليستي كاربردهاي زيادي در حل مشكلات زيست محيطي داشته اند اما هزينه بالاي فرايند ازن زني و راندمان پايين فرايند فتوكاتاليستي در محيط هاي رنگي به عنوان محدوديت اين فرايندها در تصفيه اين نوع فاضلاب ها محسوب مي شوند. در اين پژوهش از تركيب دو فرايند ازن زني و فتوكاتاليستي براي حذف رنگزاي آزويي اسيد اورانژ 7 در يك راكتور ناپيوسته استفاده شد. شرايط بهينه pH برابر با 9 با تابش لامپ UV-A 120 وات، در حضور 128 ميلي گرم بر ليتر نانوماده و 20 ميلي گرم بر دقيقه ازن با فشار 1 بار و دبي 1 ليتر بر دقيقه، 50 ميلي گرم بر ليتر رنگزا پس از 65 دقيقه به شكل كامل حذف شد. براساس نتايج آزمايش GC-Mass پس از رنگبري تركيبات بنزني فنل، آنيلين و اسيد فتاليك و نيز 5 آمينو 1 نفتيل، 1- نفتيل و توليد شدند كه در يك ساعت اول افزايش و سپس كاهش غلظت داشتند. براي حذف تركيبات مياني توليدي نفتاليني و بنزني به ترتيب به 3 و 7 ساعت زمان در شرايط بهينه نياز بود. واكنش در تمامي شرايط از سينتيك مرتبه اول پيروي كرد كه در حالت بهينه به خوبي بر مدل لانگماير-هينشلوود منطبق بود. در اين پژوهش، ضمن استفاده هم‌زمان از مزاياي دو فرايند ازن زني و فتوكاتاليستي، معايب هر يك در كنار فرايند ديگر برطرف شد

Most of dyes used in production processes caused serious environmental pollution when discharged into the environment. Azo dyes are the most used synthetic compounds in the textile, food, leather and cosmetic industries. Due to their toxicity and hard degradation, these kinds of compounds are classi?ed as environmental hazardous materials that have to be treated before discharging to the environment. Acid orange 7 (AO7) is one of azo dyes that is resistant to aerobic degradation and under anaerobic condition is reduced to potential carcinogenic aromatic amines. Different physical methods such as adsorption, ultra?ltration, reverse osmosis, coagulation and electro coagulation are widely used for efficient dye removal but they just transport contaminants from water to sludge and generate secondary wastes which need more treatment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are suitable to mineralize dye wastewater. They are almost characterized by the efficient production of hydroxyl radicals. Radicals are highly reactive oxidant. Ozonation and photocatalytic treatment are often applied for decolorization of dye wastewaters. It is reported that ozone is an effective agent for reducing the color of wastewater especially azo dyes. TiO2 photocatalytic process is safe and does not require expensive oxidants, against ozonation. This process classified as an AOP method and can be carried out at mild temperature and pressure. The purpose of this study was to investigate hybrid photocatalytic and ozonation processes. Therefore, according to debarment of light penetration in dye wastewater, decoloration ability of ozone was used for improving photocatalytic process efficiency in a hybrid process. The effect of pH, dye and nano catalyst concentration, irradiation source power and ozone injection rate were investigated on removal efficiency in this process. Dye removal efficiencies decreased with increase in dye concentration and decrease in pH, ozone injection rate, catalyst concentration and irradiation source power. Optimum conditions of the process was occurred in pH of 9, UV-A lamp of 120 W, and nano material concentration of 128 mg/L with 50 mg/L of dye concentration and 20 mg/min of ozone injected (with 1 bar pressure and 1 lit/min of gas flow). In these conditions, dye removal was completed after 65 minutes. The result con?rm the cleavage of the azo bonds, benzene and naphthalene rings as a result of treatment. The intensities of the absorbance peak at 485nm decrease rather fast than 230 and 310 nm. This shows that faster degradation of azo band in comparison with benzene and naphthalene rings. GC-Mass analysis was performed to identify the intermediate products of process. According to GC-Mass test, 5-amino-1-naphthol, 1-naphthol and benzene compound (phenol, aniline and phthalic acid) were in decolorized solution. These compounds concentration increased in the first hour and then decreased. 3 and 7 hour were needed to reach optimum condition for removing naphthalene and benzene compounds, respectively. Reaction was followed by first order kinetic and was fitted to Langmuir–Hinshelwood model in optimum condition in all cases. First order reaction rate of decoloration (K) decreased with increase in dye concentration and decrease in pH, catalyst concentration and irradiation source power.