بررسي تدابير اقتصادي، پزشكي و قضايي حكومت اسلامي در تنظيم جمعيت

A study of the Economical, Medical and Judicial Measures taken by the Islamic Government to Regulate Population Growth

تا كنون مساله «جمعيت» به عنوان يكي از چالش‌برانگيزترين دغدغه‌هاي بشر، طي چند مرحله مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفته است. ازاين‌رو، پژوهش حاضر به‌دنبال هماهنگ‌كردن ساز و كارهاي حكومت با احكام مدون اسلامي به واسطه دريافت برنامه‌اي كارآمد و اثربخش، از فقه اسلامي است كه در نهايت، منجر به وضع قوانين و سياست‌هاي جمعيتي مبتني بر افزايش فعلي جمعيت مسلمانان، جهت دستيابي به جمعيتي مطلوب و متعادل گردد. لذا در اين نوشتار، وظايف حكومت اسلامي جهت مداخله در تدابير اقتصادي، پزشكي و قضايي، مورد بررسي قرار مي‌گيرد. بنابراين، با توجه به اهداف شريعت مقدس، بايد كليه حمايت‌هاي مالي از زنان شاغل، جهت بهبود اوضاع اقتصادي، بر اساس آموزه‌هاي دين در راستاي اعمال كارگزاران حكومت اسلامي براي تكثير نسل قرار بگيرد. همچنين توانمندسازي جنسي، استفاده مناسب از روش‌هاي جلوگيري از باروري و كاهش ميزان طلاق و افزايش زايمان طبيعي و نيز استفاده مناسب از مجازات‌هاي كيفري مرتبط با مباحث جمعيتي، بايد در حيطه اعمال قضايي حكومت براي تكثير نفوس قرار گيرد.

The issue of ‘population growth’, as the most challenge-invoking human concerns, has been scrutinized in various historical stages so far. Thus, the present research work seeks to coordinate the mechanisms provided by the Islamic government with the formulated Islamic laws and regulations which have their roots in an effective and operative project that is based on Islamic fiqh. This project will eventually result in making laws and population policies and taking some measures to increase the population growth in a desirable and equilibrial manner. Therefore, in this article, the duties of Islamic government toward making economical, medical and judicial plans for population growth have been studied carefully. As far as the aims of the Law are concerned, all financial support the Islamic government provide for working women should be directed toward promoting their economic situation and welfare in such a way that it can add to the growth of birth rate and human reproduction. Moreover, such measures as making men sexually active by regular medical cares, using contraceptive devices in an appropriate way, decreasing divorce rate, promoting natural child-birth planning and making and enforcing penal laws concerning population issues fall within the domain of the judiciary of the Islamic government to follow in order to stimulate population growth or reproduction process.