نقش عوامل انساني وشخصيتي بر كاهش سوانح ترافيكي

The role of human factors and character of drivers with traffic accidents records

انسان همان گونه كه زندگي مي كند رانندگي مي كند . ازآنجا كه اصولاً تفاو تهاي فردي شخصيتي و سبك هاي پردازش اطلاعات افراد بر شيوه رانندگي و پيامد آن در بروز تصادفات تاثير مستقيم دارد، هدف اين پژوهش تبين نقش عوامل انساني و شخصيتي بر كاهش سوانح ترافيكي است. در اين مقاله مروري ،مطالعات مرتبط بين سال هاي 1900 - 2013 و مقالات فارسي بين سا لهاي 1380 - 1392 از طريق بانك داده هاي كتابخانه اي و ديجيتال با كليد واژه هاي عوامل انساني ، عوامل رفتاري ، شخصيت ، عوامل شخصيتي ، سوانح ترافيكي ،سوانح جاده اي ، مورد جستجو قرار گرفتند. نتايج اين مطالعه نشان مي دهد كه براي كاهش سوانح ترافيكي در دو سطح الف( پيشگيري اوليه و ب( پيشگيري ثانويه اقدام لازم بايد صورت پذيرد. اقدامات پيشگيري اوليه بايد به گونه اي طراحي و اجرا شود كه شامل آموزش و معاينات روان شناختي واقدامات پيشگيري ثانويه اجراي آزمون هاي روان شناختي و آموز شها و مشاور ههاي فردي و گروهي باشد

Background:Human lives as it is driving. Because basically, has a direct impact the individual differences of personality and style people process information of The driving style and outcomes in road accident,The purpose of this study, is explained the role of human factors and character of the traffic accidents decrease. materials and methods : In this review, were searched Association studies between the years 1900-2013 and Persian literature between the years 1380-1392 through the digital and library database with the key words human factors, behavioral factors, personality, personality factors, traffic accidents, accidents road. Result : In this study we obtained two important findings:The first findings is ,of human factors in reducing traffic accidents that related to human categories, abilities, and his behavior;And the second findings, that of the review personality factors From the perspective of various psychological tests and personality characteristics of high-risk drivers .conclusion: From this study can be concluded that Action should be for decrease in traffic accidents in two levels: a primary prevention and (b) secondary prevention . Primary prevention measures should be designed and implemented in a manner that includes education and psychological examinations; and secondary prevention measures Implementation of psychological tests and educational and individual and group counseling