چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Increasing educational levels, entering to the employment field, increasing the level of awareness and Womenʹs participation in social fields are factors that cause they feel and believe to be unequal terms in society, the feeling that can affect the opportunities and social fields as cultural goods, economical and social that named social Capital. This study aims at the investigation of how the feeling of gender inequity affects the educated womenʹs social capital situations in Esfahan. The theoretical variables and parameters of this study have been based on Chafetz, Bourdiu ʹs theories. The method of the research is survey and its instrument for data collection is valid and reliable questionnaires which the researcher has designed them. The population of the study is women with BA, MA and PH.D degrees in six areas of fourteen areas of Esfahan city. Its sample contains 385 people calculated by Cranachʹs alpha formula. Applying SPSS software to examine hypotheses and data analysis uses correlation coefficient, and regression. The result of this study showed significant relationship between the feeling of social inequity, the feeling of family inequity and the feeling of economical inequity and social capital.
Methods and Material
The present study is a survey. collected data using a questionnaire. Depletion of the Women has bachelors, masters, doctorate in the sample. The population of the city is well-educated women, for women, educated women, Bachelors, Masters and PhD are done according to the last census of 58,556 people are officially in 2007, women with evidence sample of the study was all bachelor, Master and doctor of the city in districts 2, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, studied statistical sample consists of six districts of three areas: north, center and south of the city as an example for the upper class, middle and low. According to Cochranʹs formula about 385 have been identified.
In this study, probability sampling method used and the techniques of probability sampling is random sampling was used. In the first stage of sampling in this study were randomly selected 6 of the 14 districts of the city and is convenient to the quota. The independent variable in this study felt gender inequality, varying background, and socio- demographic characteristics; the dependent variable is the state of social capital. For analysis of four felt sense of gender inequality, social injustice, economic inequality feeling, a sense of political injustice, inequality, family feel and is used for analysis of the four dimensions of social capital, social network, social trust, social support and social integrity is used.
Discussion of Result and Conclusions
Studying womenʹs issues is one of the challenges of womenʹs studies scholars, sociologists and other scholars of social sciences and humanities. Gender is social and cultural characteristics of sex, the unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and rewards opportunities between women and men in society. The overall feeling is a feeling of unequal gender inequality between men and women refers to facilities and opportunities, Women in an unequal position in social capital are those which have fewer opportunities to use the social life and Taking advantage of the resources and mobility and career success Gender segregation in diverse areas of opportunity and the chance to meet and interact with different people to join the community of women is ssues have always been one of the most important issues .
Industrialization and modernization issues with communities to increase opportunities for women in education and enter the labor market and social participation is associated. Ignoring womenʹs issues has caused a huge waste of energy and ability of society. This is due to the theory that the origin Chafetz the origin of gender rate inequality sense of gender inequality and stereotypical beliefs knows, and Bourdiu that inequality in society is the product of inequality in access to different types of capital. By examining aspects of gender inequality in the sense of feeling a sense of injustice at the highest levels of economic inequality and social injustice felt in a political family and had the lowest sense of gender inequality, social capital dimensions and components show Dimensions of social trust, social support, social network, higher levels of social capital among educated women have and also between the dimensions of social networks and social support are low. The results of the relationship between social inequality and feelings of social capital, family relationships, feelings of inequality and social capital, as well as the relationship between economic inequality and feelings of social capital is significant, Get these results suggest that changes in the alignment of their beliefs Chafetz demographic, technological, political and economic changes in the community can lead to gender inequality. Based on the results of the relationship between inequality and political sense social capital is not significant, view theorists like Bourdiu and Chaftz get this result does not explain. According to the results, the relationship between demographic variables (age, marital status, employment status, income, education, and socioeconomic status) and social capital is not significant. Lack of relationship between demographic variables and social capital suggests that women of different ages, single and married, with different socio-economic base (education at undergraduate, graduate and PhD, as well as having an extremely private jobs and government of income) of social capital are the same.
Significant after only a sense of gender inequality based on multivariate regression analysis, the sense of social inequality and social capital, indicating it is felt that the social dimension of gender inequality, an important and decisive role in shaping womenʹs social capital is.
Keywords: Gender Inequity Feeling, Social Inequity
