بازخواني احاديث جري و بطن با تاملي بر مباحث روايي الميزان

A Review of the Hadiths with Exoteric and Esotric Meanings (Jari and Batn) through a Reflection on the Narration-based Issues in Al-Mizan

از بايسته هاي حديث پژوهي، چگونگي طبقه بندي احاديث ذيل آيات قرآن كريم است. پيش از علامه طباطبايي، عالمان قرآن پژوه و حديث پژوه به بيان نكاتي در باب فهم احاديث ذيل آيات پرداخته و بخشي از مباحث مربوط را بازگفته اند؛ اما هيچ يك از آنان به تفصيل و در حد و اندازه الميزان سخن نگفته اند. روش پژوهش حاضر توصيفي ـ تحليلي بوده، هدف از آن ارايه تعاريفي نسبتا جامع از جري و تطبيق و باطن و تاويل با بازخواني احاديث جري و بطن و تاملي بر مباحث روايي الميزان به منظور شناسايي احاديث بيانگر جري و باطن قرآن است. حاصل پژوهش اينكه جري عبارت است از: بيان مصداق هاي آيه اعم از مصداق برتر و روزآمد و غير آن، كه در زمان نزول مخفي بوده است و باطن نيز عبارت است از بيان معاني توسعه يافته فراتر از ظاهر الفاظ و عبارات آيات و نيز بيان لايه هاي معنايي (معاني دقيق تر و مخفي) آيات قرآن. با اين تعاريف مي توان برخي احاديث مندرج در تفاسير روايي را به لحاظ نسبت آن با تفسير قرآن، سنخ شناسي و طبقه بندي كرد.

One of the prerequisites for the study of Hadith is the manner of classifying Hadiths which are concerned with the verses of the holy Quran. Prior to Allamah Tabatabaei the scholars who study the Quran and Hadith had dealt with the question of understanding the meaning of the Hadiths related to Qur’anic verses and explored some of the relevant topics, but none of them had discussed this subject as thoroughly as Allamah Tabatabai did in Al-Mizan. The present study uses a descriptive-analytic method, and aims at presenting relatively comprehensive definitions of Jari (esoteric meaning), Tatbiq (conformity), Batin (hidden) and Taʹawil (interpretation) by examining the exoteric and esoteric meaning of Hadiths and reflecting on the narration-based issues of Al-Mizan in order to recognize the Hadiths which refer to the instances of Jari and Batin in the Quran. This study shows that by Jari we mean showing the kinds of applicability the verse including the superior meaning, updated meaning and the like, which were unknown at the time of revelation, and by Batin we mean expressing the more developed meanings beyond the exoteric meaning of the words and phrases of Qura’nic verses as well the stratum of the meaning (more exact and hidden) of the Holy Quran. Through these definitions we can recognize the different types and of some of the Hadiths contained in narration-based and classify them commentaries according to their relations with other commentaries of the Quran.