رويكردي تحليلي به تاثير آيين ها بر جسم و جان شهرها

Realization of the Customs’ Influences on Urban’ Physique and Soul

اجراي آيين ها و مراسم يكي از اركان اساسي هويت فرهنگي تمامي جوامع بوده است و همواره يكي از شاخصه هاي تاثير گذار بر جسم و جان شهرها بوده است در كشور ما، به واسطه پيشينه فرهنگي غني، آيين ها از جايگاهي ويژه برخوردار است و تواني بالقوه در پيوند ساكنان شهرها با محيط زندگي اشان مي باشد. اين پژوهش بر آن است كه به مطالعه تاثير آيين ها بر جسم و جان شهرها بپردازد. آيين ها با توجه به ماهيت اشان در چهار دسته قابل بررسي مي باشند كه عبارتند از: آيين هاي كهن، آيين هاي مذهبي، آيين هاي موردي و آيين هاي محلي. در اين مقاله آيين هاي محلي به واسطه گستردگي و تنوع اشان مورد بررسي قرار نمي گيرند. با كنكاش در تاثير هر دسته از آيين ها بر جسم و جان شهرها ابعاد ناشناخته آنها شناسايي و تاثير آيين ها بر روحيه و در سه گروه آموزه هاي معنوي، آموزه هاي فردي و آموزه هاي اجتماعي مشخص گرديد. در ارتباط با تاثير آيين ها بر كالبد شهرها سه زمينه عناصر ثابت، عناصر نيمه ثابت و عناصر متحرك مورد پژوهش قرار مي گيرد كه اين تاثيرات علاوه بر اين كه كالبد شهرها را دگرگون مي سازد در روحيه ساكنان شهرها نيز تاثير بسيار مي گذارد و سبب مي گردد شهروندان خود را جزيي از محيطي فرهنگي، اجتماعي، كالبدي ادراك و شناسايي نموده و در رابطه با اصلاح آن كوشا باشند.

Due to a rich cultural history, holding of ceremonies and customs have a special position in Iran. Upon passing of time, the people are insisting on performing their ceremonies including males, females, old men, old women and even adolescences. They make ready their living place for holding of ceremonies which are created through a long-term history. Upon starting the time of ceremonies throughout the city and/or different cities, we are witnessing of great changes in the civil environment not only for changing in cities skeleton but also fundamental changes in the mood of residents. It is in a way prior to start up of these ceremonies, we may witness a movement and changing the whole cities with a fresh soul as well. There are some major and minor elements sometimes in fixed and/or semi-fixed and moving of cities which make the cities ready for concerned ceremonies. This paper intends to recognize any effects of different ceremonies on the skeleton of cities. Then the goals of research are presented as follows: How the ceremonies are effective on cities’ skeleton? How the ceremonies are effective on the mood of cities? Firstly in this research we could analyzed relevant discussions about the mode and life of city and then divided them into three groups of elements (fixed, semi-fixed and moving) by the help of field researches and interpretation method. Then it was possible to specify any effects of which on relevant elements. Regarding all mentioned items, the most important consequences of ceremonies in society are: Citizenship feeling, belonging feeling to a place, belonging feeling to social cultural and religious groups, changing of non-active citizens into active ones and upgrading the meaning of citizenship. It may cause also closer connections of a person with civil environment and close contact between environment and citizens. These are important issues as much attractive as possible for urban planning scientists. As it is obvious, both theoretical and practical viewpoints are considered as the important priorities of discussions for upgrading the interactions of citizens with civil environment. Finally we may state that increasing any contacts with citizens and environment is the most important effects of ceremonies on cities’ skeleton. In case the citizens consider themselves as an integrated part of the environment, they will feel more responsibilities against it. Therefore they are not so much indifferent against the environment and they will be changed into social supporters and environment watches.