نقد تطبيقي ديدگاه فمينيستي سيمون دوبووار، ويرجينيا وولف و سيمين دانشور در آثار داستاني

A Comparative Criticism of Feministic View in the Story Works of Simon De Buvar, Virginia Volf and Simin Daneshvar

ادبيات تطبيقي حوزهاي از پژوهشهاي ادبي است كه در آن آثار دو يا چند نويسنده از دو زبان و مليت متفاوت با يكديگر مقايسه ميشوند. در اين مقاله آثار ،« ويرجينيا وولف » داستاني سه نويسنده زن، يعني از زاويه ديد « سيمين دانشور » و « سيمون دوبووار » ادبيات فمينيستي و مكاتب فكري تاثيرگذار بر انديشه آنان بررسي شده است. مطالعه و تحليل آثارشان نشان ميدهد كه وجه مشترك ادبيات فمينيستي، تلاش براي احياي حقوق و نماياندن مظلوميت زنان و شناساندن هوي?ت و جايگاه زن در نظام مردسالاري با توجه به نوع نگرش به هستي و انسان است. سيمين دانشور با تفكر ايراني- اسلامي در پرتو ارزش هاي ديني و اخلاقي حقوق زن و مرد را برابر ميداند، اما سيمون دوبووار با ديدگاه سكولاريستي (اگزيستانسياليستي) ويژگي هاي فطري زنان چون ازدواج، تشكيل خانواده و مادرشدن را مانعي در مسير پيشرفت آنان مييابد و ويرجينيا وولف، زنان را به كسب استقلال مالي وكوشش براي داشتن امتيازات همسان با مردان توصيه ميكند.

A Comparative Criticism of Feministic View in the Story Works of Simon De Buvar, Virginia Volf and Simin Daneshvar P. Tajbakhsh1 , S. Farzad2 Abstract Comparative literature is an area of literary research in which the works of two or more than two writers from different languages and nationalities are compared with one another. In this study, the story works by three writers: "Virginia Woolf", "Simon de Buvar" and "Simin Daneshvar" have been investigated from the feministic literature and the schools of thought points of view that affected their thinking. The survey and analysis of their works indicated that the sharing point between feministic literature and the schools of thought lies in the attempt to revive women’s rights and to introduce their innocence as well as their identity and position in a patriarchal (man-ruled) system regarding the sort of approach to human and life. Simin Daneshvar, adopting an Iranian-Islamic thought under the shade of religious-ethical values, considers identical rights to men and women; Daneshvar respects both male’s and female’s place/position and believes that woman goes to perfection beside man; however, Simon de Buvar, adopting a secularistic (existentialistic) view, believes that women’s natural characteristics such as family, marriage, and motherhood are, in fact, obstacles to their progression. Finally, Virginia Woolf recommends that women gain economic independence and try to have a like benefits (advantages) with men. KeyWords: Virginia Woolf, Simon de Buvar, Simin Daneshvar, Feminism, Comparative Literature.