مروري بر علل تاسيس، چگونگي شكل‌گيري و تاثيرات مدرسه دارالفنون در جامعه ‌ايران عهد قاجار

An investigation into the reasons of establishing the Dar-Ol-Fonun, its development and its effects on the Iranian society in the Qajar era

با وقوع جنگ ميان ايران و روس در دوره‌ي ‌فتحعلي‌شاه و شكست‌‌هاي متعدد دربار قاجار، سوالاتي در ذهن سياستگران، دولتمردان و نخبگان عرصه‌ي فرهنگ به وجود آمد كه به دنبال يافتن پاسخ براي علت شكست‌ها برآمدند. عباس‌ميرزا و قايم مقام وزير با تدبير او پيش و بيش از ديگران به اين امر اهتمام ورزيدند. تلاش‌هاي آنها منجر به فرآيند اعزام محصل به فرنگ شد. عدم توفيق ايرانيان در كسب نتايج مورد نظر از اعزام دانشجو، صدراعظم بعدي ايران اميركبير را وادار به اتخاذ رويكردي ديگر در همين زمينه كرد. وي در پي يافتن پاسخ شكست‌ها و عقب ماندگي ايران به اين نتيجه رسيد كه تاسيس دارالفنون در ايران را جايگزين اعزام محصل به فرنگ و يا تلاش‌‌هاي مشابه ديگر نمايد. امير به اين نتيجه رسيده بود كه علل عقب ماندگي و ناكامي ايران نسبت به اروپا، ضعف بنيه صنعتي نظامي و علوم و فنون در ايران است.

With the incidence of wars between Iran and Russia at Fath-Ali-Shah’s reign, and the frequent defeats of the Qajar’s army, the Iranian politicians, statesmen, and the elite. Had to face the questions concerning the causes of those defeats: tried hard to find answers to those qiestopms. Abbas Mirza and his wise Chancellor, Ghaem Magham, were concerned with the situation more than others. Their efforts led to the decision of sending students to the West. Upon the failure of that action the next Iranian Chancellor, Amir Kabir, decided to take new measures. After deliberating about the causes of the defeats and evaluatiny the short comings that brought about those defeays, he decided to establish Dar- Alfonoon (a polytechnic college) in ehran. This was intended to replace the act of sending students to the West for studey. Amir had come to the conclusion that, compared to Europe, the reason for the failure and backwardness of Iran were due to the weakness of Iran in the field of military industry and other crafts.